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Blunting Effect Boring Carving Certified Source Comments Common Names Common Uses Countries of Distribution Cutting Resistance Drying Defects Ease of Drying Environmental Profile Family Name Gluing Grain Heartwood Color Kiln Drying Rate Kiln Schedules Luster Mortising Moulding Movement in Service Nailing Natural Durability Numerical Data Painting Planing Polishing References Regions of Distribution Resistance to Impregnation Resistance to Splitting Response to Hand Tools Routing & Recessing Sanding Sapwood Color Scientific Name Screwing Staining Steam Bending Strength Properties Texture Toxicity Trade Name Tree Size Turning Varnishing Veneering Qualities		Scientific Name Podocarpus usambarensis Trade Name African podocarpus Family Name Podocarpaceae Common Names African podocarpus, Mse-mchunga, Mse-mvyee, Mse-mwanamke, Muse neneli, Musenenezi, Muzizimo, Nuki, Podo, Yellowwood Regions of Distribution Africa Countries of Distribution  [VIEW MAP] Tanzania, Uganda Common Uses Beehives, Boxes and crates, Concrete formwork, Food containers, Furniture, Joinery, Paneling, Plywood, Railroad ties, Tables Environmental Profile Vulnerable Extinct Abundant/Secure Rare Endangered Heartwood Color Red Brown Pink Purple Green/grey Yellow to golden-yellow to orange Pale brown White to cream Sapwood Color White Pink Yellow Red Brown Same as heartwood Grain Straight Even Straight Texture Medium Coarse Fine Fine Luster Low Medium Dull Natural Durability Moderately durable Susceptible to insect attack Non-resistant to powder post beetles Non-durable Durable Non-resistant to marine borers Non-resistant to termites Perishable Non durable Susceptible to attack from powder post (Lyctid & Bostrychid) beetles Pinworms (ambrosia beetles) may be present in the felled log Perishable Toxicity Some toxic effects Kiln Schedules Drying (speed) is fast UK=A US=T2D4/T2D3 Fr=1 Dry at a moderate speed Drying Defects Distortion Checking Internal Honeycombing Possible Collapse Splitting Slight surface checking Slight end splitting Moderate twist/warp Moderate surface checking Moderate end spitting Ease of Drying Moderately Difficult to Difficult Fairly Easy Thick Stock Requires Care Slowly Requires special attention Easy Moderate Kiln Drying Rate Rapid Drying rate is fairly rapid to fast Naturally dries slowly Naturally dries at a moderate speed Tree Size Sapwood width is 5-10 cm Tree height is 30-40 m Bole length is 20-30 m Sapwood width is 0-5 cm Bole length is 10-20 m Trunk diameter is 100-150 cm Tree height is 40-50 m Tree height is 20-30 m Bark width is 5-10 mm Tree height is 10-20 m Certified Source Certified Source Comments General finishing qualities are rated as good Blunting Effect Little Moderate Blunting effect on machining is slight Boring Fairly easy to very easy Fair to good results Moderately easy Carving Fair to Good Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Cutting Resistance Easy to saw Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult to saw Moderate to saw Cutting Resistance with green wood is easy Cutting Resistance with dry wood is easy Gluing Fairly Easy to Very Easy Fair to Good Results Easy to glue Moderate gluing properties Mortising Fair to Good Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Finishes satisfactorily Moderately easy to mortise Easy to mortise Moulding Fair to Good Results Very Good to Excellent Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Good finishing results Moulding ease is moderate Easy to mould Movement in Service Fair to Good Stability - Medium Movement Excellent Stability - Small Movement Medium Small Nailing Fairly Easy to Very Easy Fair to Good Results Very Good to Excellent Results Holds nails well Planing Fair to Good Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Very Good to Excellent Results Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Planes well, to a good finish Easy to plane Resistance to Impregnation Resistant heartwood Resistant sapwood Permeable heartwood Permeable sapwood Heartwood is permeable Sapwood is permeable Resistance to Splitting Poor Satisfactory Response to Hand Tools Easy to Work Fairly Difficult to Difficult to Work Responds Readily Easy to machine Moderate working qualities Routing & Recessing Fair to Good Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Satisfactory routing results Routing yields good results Routing is easy Moderately easy Sanding Fair to Good Results Very Good to Excellent Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Screwing Fair to Good Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Very Good to Excellent Results Screwing yields good results Turning Fairly Easy to Very Easy Fair to Good Results Very Good to Excellent Results Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Good results Easy to turn Finish is generally satisfactory Veneering Qualities Suitable for peeling Veneers moderately easy Difficult to veneer Veneers easily No drying degrade Suitable for peeling Easy to cut Steam Bending Fair to Good Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Moderate Painting Fair to Good Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Good results Satisfactory results Polishing Fair to Good Results Very Good to Excellent Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Good results Satisfactory results Staining Fair to Good Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Finish is generally satisfactory Staining (Characteristic) = non-staining Varnishing Fair to Good Results Very Good to Excellent Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Good results Satisfactory Strength Properties Density (dry weight) = 31-37 lbs/cu. ft. Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = very low Max. crushing strength = medium Bending strength (MOR) = low Shrinkage, Tangential = small Toughness-Hammer drop (Impact Strength) = low Shrinkage, Radial = very small Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = very low Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = low Hardness (side grain) = very soft Hardness (side grain) = soft Shrinkage, Tangential = moderate Shrinkage, Radial = small Toughness (total work) = very low Max. crushing strength = low Numerical Data Item Green Dry English Bending Strength 6111 9589 psi Density 32 lbs/ft3 Hardness 657 lbs Impact Strength 28 inches Maximum Crushing Strength 3916 6397 psi Shearing Strength 1221 psi Stiffness 1017 1199 1000 psi Toughness 95 inch-lbs Work to Maximum Load 7 10 inch-lbs/in3 Weight 31 25 lbs/ft3 Radial Shrinkage 2 % Tangential Shrinkage 6 % Item Green Dry Metric Bending Strength 429 674 kg/cm2 Density 512 kg/m3 Hardness 298 kg Impact Strength 71 cm Maximum Crushing Strength 275 449 kg/cm2 Shearing Strength 85 kg/cm2 Stiffness 71 84 1000 kg/cm2 Toughness 109 cm-kg Work to Maximum Load 0.49 0.70 cm-kg/cm3 Weight 496 400 kg/m3 Radial Shrinkage 2 % References Bois, P.J.,1966,The Strength Properties of Tanzania Timbers,Tanzania Forest Div. Util. Sec. Moshi Tech. Note, No.35 Brown, W.H.,1978,Timbers of the World No.1 Africa,TRADA, Red Booklet Series Bryce, J.M., Norcross, H.,1961,The Resistance of Tanganyika Timbers to Impregnation,Tanzania Forest Dept. Util. Sec .Tech. Note,No.28 Bryce, J.M.,1967,Commercial Timbers of Tanzania,Tanzanian Forestry Division Util. Sec. Moshi Dallimore, W. and Jackson, A. Bruce,1966,A Handbook of Coniferae and Ginkgoaceae Fourth Ed. Revised by S.G.,Harrison,Edward Arnold (Publishers) Ltd. London Forest Products Research Laboratory U.K.,1957,A Handbook of Softwoods,Department of Scientific and Industrial Research Forest Products Research,HMSO Forest Products Research Laboratory, U.K.,1945,A Handbook of Empire Timbers,Department of Scientific and Industrial Research Forest Products Research Grant, D.K.S.,1934,Some Local Timbers,Tanzania Forest Department Howard, A.L.,1948,A Manual of Timbers of the World.,Macmillan & Co. Ltd. London 3rd ed. Patterson, D.,1988,Commercial Timbers of the World, 5th Edition,Gower Technical Press Redding, L.W.,1971,Resistance of Timbers to Impregnation with Creosote,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Building Research,Establishment Bulletin No.54 pp.43 Smith, D.N.,1959,The Natural Durability of Timber,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Building Research,Establishment Record,No.30 T.D.A.,1942,Timber Leaflet No.85 Alerce (Fitzroya cuppressiodes,TRADA Timber Leaflet Tack, C.H.,1958,The Strength Properties of some Uganda Timbers,Uganda Forest Department Bulletin No. 5 Tanzania Forest Division,1966,Kiln Drying Schedules for Tanzania Timbers Technical Note no.38,Tanzania Forest Div. Util. Sec. Moshi Uganda Forest Department,1954,The Mechanical Properties of some Ugandan Timbers,Uganda Forest Department Timber Leaflet,No.1