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Boring Carving Comments Common Names Common Uses Countries of Distribution Cutting Resistance Distribution Overview Drying Defects Ease of Drying Environmental Profile Family Name Grain Heartwood Color Kiln Schedules Luster Mortising Moulding Movement in Service Nailing Natural Durability Numerical Data Odor Painting Planing Polishing References Regions of Distribution Resistance to Impregnation Resistance to Splitting Response to Hand Tools Routing & Recessing Sanding Sapwood Color Scientific Name Staining Steam Bending Strength Properties Texture Trade Name Tree Identification Tree Size Turning Varnishing		Scientific Name Podocarpus guatemalensis Trade Name Podocarp Family Name Podocarpaceae Common Names Amunu, British Honduras yellowwood, Caoba del pais, Caobilla, Chaquiro, Cipres, Cipresillo lorito, Cipricillo, Cypress, Dilang butiki, Djamudju, Landin, Laurier-rose, Malaalmaciga, Manio, Maniu, Matai, Miro, Mse, Musenene, Mushunga, Paya, Pinho bravo, Pino, Pino castaneto, Pino chaquiro, Podocarp, Raisinier montagne, Sisin, Weedee, Wild pine, Wild pitch pine Regions of Distribution Central America, Latin America, Oceania and S.E. Asia Countries of Distribution  [VIEW MAP] Belize, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Columbia, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Venezuela Common Uses Beams, Bent Parts, Boxes and crates, Building construction, Building materials, Cabin construction, Cabinetmaking, Casks, Chairs, Chests, Concrete formwork, Construction, Core Stock, Decks, Decorative plywood, Decorative veneer, Desks, Dining-room furniture, Drawer sides, Excelsior, Factory construction, Figured veneer, Fine furniture, Form work, Foundation posts, Framing, Furniture , Furniture components, Furniture squares or stock, Furniture, Hatracks, Heavy construction, Interior construction, Interior trim, Joinery (external): ground contact, Joinery, Joists, Kitchen cabinets, Light construction, Living-room suites, Millwork, Plywood, Pulp/Paper products, Veneer Environmental Profile Data source is World Conservation Monitoring Center This species is officially classified as Rare within its natural habitat in Belize, El Salvador, and Colombia, and Endangered in Costa Rica, and Guatemala. Ts status in the wild is currently listed as unknown because of insufficient information in Mexico, Panama, Nicaragua, and Venezuela Distribution Overview The growth range of this tropical American species of Podocarpus genus includes the West Indies and from southern Mexico to southern Chile. It is often found in the mountainous regions within its range. Heartwood Color White Yellow Green/grey Yellow to golden-yellow to orange Pale brown Yellow to yellowish-brown Brown Sapwood Color Yellow White Same as heartwood White to yellow Same color as heartwood Pinkish Not distinct from heartwood Grain Straight Even Interlocked Straight Straight to shallowly interlocked Texture Medium Fine Uniform Luster Somewhat lustrous Natural Durability Perishable Moderately durable Low to moderate resistance to decay Odor No specific smell or taste Kiln Schedules Dry at a moderate speed UK=H US=T10D4S/T8D3S Fr=7 T10-D4S(4/4); T8-D3S(8/4)US Drying (speed) is fast Drying Defects Splitting Slight twist/warp Slight tendency to warp and check in drying Slight surface checking Slight end splitting Ease of Drying Little degrade if dried properly Easy Air-dries rather well Tree Identification Bole/stem form is straight Bole/stem form is not buttressed Bole/stem form is fluted Tree Size The trees are unbuttressed, and develop somewhat fluted but straight and clear boles. Comments General finishing qualities are rated as good Boring Good response to boring operations Carving Responds well to carving operations Carves well with ordinary tools to yield clean surfaces Cutting Resistance Low resistance to sawing Mortising Mortises readily, with rather good results Moulding Moulds well (70+ % of pieces will yield good to excellent results) Movement in Service Small Shows only small movement after manufacture Dimensionally stable Nailing Easy to nail Takes nails well Holds nails well Planing Generally smooth planed surfaces Generally clean planed surfaces Fairly easy planing operations Resistance to Impregnation Resistant sapwood Resistant heartwood Heartwood is permeable Heartwood is moderately resistant Fairly good response to preservative treatment Resistance to Splitting Good Response to Hand Tools Easy to machine Responds well to hand tools Routing & Recessing Generally good routing qualities Sanding Good sanding properties Clean and smooth sanded surfaces Turning Yields clean surfaces Steam Bending Very poor Poor Painting Good results Satisfactory painting properties Polishing Generally polishes well Staining Finish is generally good Satisfactory staining properties Varnishing Good results Fair varnishing properties Strength Properties Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = very low Max. crushing strength = medium Density (dry weight) = 31-37 lbs/cu. ft. Hardness (side grain) = soft Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = low Bending strength (MOR) = medium Toughness-Hammer drop (Impact Strength) = very low Toughness (total work) = very low Work to Maximum Load Toughness (total work) = low Shrinkage, Tangential = small Shrinkage, Radial = very small Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = medium Max. crushing strength = low High in density Density (dry weight) = 38-45 lbs/cu. ft. Compression strength (parallel to grain) = high Bending strength (MOR) = very high Bending strength (MOR) = low Bending strength (MOR) = high The bending strength of air-dried wood of the species is similar to that of Teak, which is considered to be strong. Other species in this range include Teak, White oak, and Hard maple. It is fairly hard, resisting wear, denting, and marring fairly well. The weight is about average Numerical Data Item Green Dry English Bending Strength 10197 14692 psi Density 32 lbs/ft3 Hardness 862 lbs Impact Strength 16 inches Maximum Crushing Strength 4148 6744 psi Shearing Strength 1718 psi Stiffness 1145 1301 1000 psi Toughness 119 inch-lbs Work to Maximum Load 8 9 inch-lbs/in3 Specific Gravity 0.42 0.54 Weight 33 31 lbs/ft3 Radial Shrinkage 2 % Tangential Shrinkage 6 % Volumetric Shrinkage 10 % Item Green Dry Metric Bending Strength 716 1032 kg/cm2 Density 512 kg/m3 Hardness 391 kg Impact Strength 40 cm Maximum Crushing Strength 291 474 kg/cm2 Shearing Strength 120 kg/cm2 Stiffness 80 91 1000 kg/cm2 Toughness 137 cm-kg Work to Maximum Load 0.56 0.63 cm-kg/cm3 Specific Gravity 0.42 0.54 Weight 528 496 kg/m3 Radial Shrinkage 2 % Tangential Shrinkage 6 % References Armstrong, F.H.,1960,The Strength Properties of Timber,Forest Products Research Laboratory, London Bulletin,No.45 Belize,1946,42 Secondary Hardwood Timbers of British Honduras,British Honduras Forest Department Bulletin,No.1 Boone, R.S., C.J. Kozlik, P.J. Bois, E.M. Wengert. 1988. Dry Kiln Schedules for Commercial Hardwoods - Temperate and Tropical. USDA, Forest Service, General Technical Report FPL-GTR-57, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin. Brown, W.H.,1978,Timbers of the World, No. 8 Australasia,TRADA, Red Booklet Series Brown, W.H.,1978,Timbers of the World, No. 9 Central America and the Caribbean,TRADA, Red Booklet Series Chudnoff, M.,1984,Tropical Timbers of the World,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products,Laboratory, Madison. Dallimore, W. and Jackson, A. Bruce,1966,A Handbook of Coniferae and Ginkgoaceae Fourth Ed. Revised by S.G.,Harrison,Edward Arnold (Publishers) Ltd. London Erfurth, T., Rusche, H.,1976,The Marketing of Tropical Wood B. Wood Species from S. American Tropical,Moist Forests,F.A.O. Forestry Department Forest Products Research Laboratory U.K.,1957,A Handbook of Softwoods,Department of Scientific and Industrial Research Forest Products Research,HMSO Forest Products Research Laboratory, U.K.,1945,A Handbook of Empire Timbers,Department of Scientific and Industrial Research Forest Products Research Forest Products Research Laboratory, U.K.,1967,The Steam Bending Properties of various timbers,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Leaflet,No.45 Forest Products Research Laboratory, U.K.,1969,The Movement of Timbers,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough Technical Note,No.38 Lavers, G. M. 1966. The Strength Properties of Timbers. Forest Products Research Bulletin, No. 50. Ministry of Technology, Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London. Lavers, G.M.,1983,The Strength Properties of Timber (3rd ed. revised Moore G.L.,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Building Research,Establishment Report (formerly Bulletin No.50) Little, E.L., Wadsworth, F.H.,1964,Common Trees of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Handbook,No.249 Record, S.J.,1927,Trees of Honduras,Tropical Woods,10, pp10-47 Redding, L.W.,1971,Resistance of Timbers to Impregnation with Creosote,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Building Research,Establishment Bulletin No.54 pp.43 Smith, D.N.,1959,The Natural Durability of Timber,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Building Research,Establishment Record,No.30 Takahashi, A.,1975,Compilation of data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign Woods (Part 2,Central and South America,Shimane University, Japan, Research Report on Foreign Wood No.4