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Clicking any heading in the main data area (at right) will scroll the page back to this top position. Use the following links to jump to the associated section in the main data. Blunting Effect Boring Carving Comments Common Names Common Uses Countries of Distribution Cutting Resistance Distribution Overview Drying Defects Ease of Drying Environmental Profile Family Name Gluing Grain Heartwood Color Kiln Schedules Light-Induced Color Change Luster Mortising Moulding Movement in Service Nailing Natural Durability Natural Growth Defects Numerical Data Odor Painting Planing Polishing References Regions of Distribution Resistance to Impregnation Resistance to Splitting Response to Hand Tools Routing & Recessing Sapwood Color Scientific Name Screwing Silica Content Staining Steam Bending Strength Properties Synonyms Texture Trade Name Tree Identification Tree Size Turning Varnishing Veneering Qualities |
Synonyms Parinari salicifolia, Parinari tenuifolia, Parinarium elliotii, Parinarium excelsum, Parinarium mildbraedii
Common Names Afam, Aiomoradan, Assain, Assila, Assita, Bobombi, Bonzole, Bula, Catesima, Dawe, Distschia, Ditschia, Djirro, Ebula, Ebura, Esagko, Eshagho, Gboh, Grahm-sougue, Grey plum, Grey skinned plum, Guinea plum, Gulih, Inyi, Koolako, Kotosima, Kotossouma, Kotue, Kpar, Kura, Kura-mako, Kurahi, Kuranako, Kwanedua, Mampata, Mampataz, Mampato, Mbula, Mbura, Merecurillo, Mose, Msabala, Mubara, Mubura, Muganda, Mula, Mulanga, Munazi, Mushimba, Namulambo, Nnamulambo, Ofam, Omushamba, Patobi, Pemba, Pembe, Piolo, Rough skinned plum, Shuge, Sougue, Sougue a grandes feuilles, Suge Regions of Distribution Africa, Latin America, Oceania and S.E. Asia Countries of Distribution [VIEW MAP] Benin, Brazil, Cameroon, Columbia, Equatorial Guinea, French Guiana, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea Bissau, Guinea, Guyana, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Suriname, Tanzania, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Uganda, Venezuela Common Uses Agricultural implements, Boat building (general), Boat building: framing, Building construction, Building materials, Cabin construction, Charcoal, Construction, Decks, Domestic flooring, Factory construction, Flooring, Flooring: industrial heavy traffic, Fuelwood, Furniture, Heavy construction, Joinery, Light construction, Marine construction, Mine timbers, Parquet flooring, Piling, Plywood, Poles, Railroad ties, Shipbuilding, Sporting Goods, Sub-flooring, Vehicle parts Environmental Profile
There is very little threat to the species' environment in Ivory Coast, Liberia, Brazil, Colombia, French Guiana, Guyana, Surinam, and Venezuela, but it is classified as Vulnerable in Cameroon. Its status in the wild is currently listed as unknown because of insufficient information in Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Nigeria, Senegal, and Sierra Leone Distribution Overview This pan-tropical species occurs widely in tropical Africa and America. It usually grows in mixed stands at elevations of 3000 and 6000 feet (915 and 1830 m). Heartwood Color
Sapwood Color
Grain
The grain is wavy, though often very irregular and interlocked Texture
Luster
Natural Growth Defects
Natural Durability
The wood is susceptible to attack by termites and pinhole borers, but is resistant to marine borers. The timber has moderate resistance to the advers effects of the weather Odor
The sapwood has a scent of honey when freshly cut Silica Content
The wood usually contains very high amounts of silica; levels of more than 1% (of ovendry weight) have been reported. A silica content of 0.05% is usually considered to be high enough to affect the machining properties of wood Light-Induced Color Change
Kiln Schedules
Preliminary air-drying before kiln-drying is suggested. Drying Defects
The wood has a tendency to distort and split during drying, and may check and warp Ease of Drying
Tree Identification
Tree Size The tree reaches a height of 150 to 170 feet (45 to 61 m), with a trunk diameter of 36 to 60 inches (100 to 150 cm) above large buttresses that are up to 10 feet (3 m) high. It develops boles that are mostly of good form and cylindrical. They are usually clear of branches for 60 to 90 feet (18 to 27 m). Comments General finishing qualities are rated as good Blunting Effect
The wood has severe dulling effect on tools due to high amounts of silica Boring
Carving
Cutting Resistance
The timber saws with some difficulty, especially in the seasoned condition, because of silica. Tungsten-tipped cutters are required Gluing
Mortising
Moulding
Movement in Service
Tends to move considerably after manufacture. Nailing
Planing
Seasoned wood is rather difficult to plane and material containing irregular grain may tear in planing operations Resistance to Impregnation
Resistance to Splitting
Response to Hand Tools
Response to hand tools is dependent upon amount of silica, but it is generally poor. Routing & Recessing
Screwing
Turning
The timber is generally difficult to work because of high silica content. Tungsten-carbide tipped cutters are recommended. Veneering Qualities
Steam Bending
The wood has moderately good steam bending characteristics. Painting
Polishing
Staining
Varnishing
Strength Properties
Strength properties are reported to vary with origin and conditions at growth site, but the wood is very hard. Weight is usually very high, and the wood tends to be very dense. It is suitable for charcoal and firewood. Fruit produced by the species is edible. Numerical Data
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