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Blunting Effect Comments Common Names Common Uses Countries of Distribution Drying Defects Ease of Drying Family Name Gluing Grain Heartwood Color Kiln Schedules Light-Induced Color Change Luster Movement in Service Nailing Natural Durability Numerical Data Painting Planing Polishing References Regions of Distribution Resistance to Impregnation Response to Hand Tools Sapwood Color Scientific Name Screwing Staining Steam Bending Strength Properties Synonyms Texture Trade Name Tree Size Turning Veneering Qualities		Scientific Name Nothofagus procera Trade Name Anis Family Name Fagaceae Synonyms Nothofagus Alpina, Nothofagus nervosa Common Names Anis, Antartic beech, Cedro del sur, Chilean beech, Coigue, Coihue, Coyan, Hualo, Lengue, Nire, Rauli, Roble, Roble ruili, South American beech Regions of Distribution Latin America Countries of Distribution  [VIEW MAP] Argentina, Chile Common Uses Boat building (general), Boat building: planking, Boxes and crates, Cabinetmaking, Cooperages, Door, Flooring, Furniture, Joinery (external): ground contact, Joinery, Light construction, Mathematical instruments, Millwork, Moldings, Musical instruments, Plywood, Railroad ties, Turnery, Vats, Vehicle parts, Veneer Heartwood Color White Brown Yellow Red Green/grey Orange Reddish brown Red Pale red to pink Brown Sapwood Color White Yellow Brown Red Same as heartwood White to yellow Pinkish Grain Straight Even Figure Weak (figure) Straight Weak figure Texture Medium Fine Fine to medium Luster Medium Low Dull Slightly lustrous Natural Durability Durable Perishable Moderately durable Non-durable Resistant to termites Non-resistant to powder post beetles Susceptible to insect attack Durable Susceptible to attack from powder post (Lyctid & Bostrychid) beetles Moderately durable Susceptible to marine borer attack Susceptible to attack from termites (Isoptera) Light-Induced Color Change Darker Kiln Schedules Dry at a slow speed UK=E US=T6D2/T3D1 Fr=5 UK=B US=T2C2/T2C1 Fr=2 Drying Defects Severe collapse and honeycomb Ease of Drying Moderate Easy Difficult Tree Size Tree height is 30-40 m Tree height is 20-30 m Bole length is 10-20 m Bark width is 5-10 mm Bark width is 10-15 mm Bole length is 20-30 m Sapwood width is 0-5 cm Bark width is 15-20 mm Bark width is 0-5 mm Trunk diameter is 100-150 cm Comments General finishing qualities are rated as good Blunting Effect Blunting effect on machining is slight Gluing Fairly Easy to Very Easy Easy to glue Moderate gluing properties Movement in Service Excellent Stability - Small Movement Stable Small Nailing Fair to Good Results Very Good to Excellent Results Easy to nail Planing Fair to Good Results Very Good to Excellent Results Resistance to Impregnation Heartwood is moderately resistant Sapwood is permeable Sapwood is moderately resistant Heartwood is resistant Response to Hand Tools Easy to Work Easy to machine Moderate working qualities Screwing Easy to screw Turning Fairly Easy to Very Easy Fair to Good Results Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Veneering Qualities Suitable for peeling Suitable for slicing Veneers moderately easy Veneers easily Difficult to veneer There is slight to moderate drying degrade and the potential for buckles and splits Suitable for peeling Easy to cut Bolt preparation requires steaming Steam Bending Moderate Painting Fair to Good Results Very Good to Excellent Results Polishing Good results Satisfactory results Staining Fair to Good Results Very Good to Excellent Results Finish is generally good Finish is generally satisfactory Strength Properties Density (dry weight) = 31-37 lbs/cu. ft. Max. crushing strength = medium Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = very low Bending strength (MOR) = medium Hardness (side grain) = soft Density (dry weight) = 38-45 lbs/cu. ft. Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = low Shrinkage, Tangential = moderate Shrinkage, Radial = small Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = medium Bending strength (MOR) = low Work to Maximum Load = low Toughness (total work) = low Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = low Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = medium Max. crushing strength = low Max. crushing strength = high Density (dry weight) = 23-30 lbs/cu. ft. Bending strength (MOR) = high Numerical Data Item Green Dry English Bending Strength 9043 14120 psi Density 33 lbs/ft3 Hardness 995 lbs Maximum Crushing Strength 4067 6531 psi Shearing Strength 1989 psi Stiffness 1202 1401 1000 psi Toughness 167 inch-lbs Work to Maximum Load 9 12 inch-lbs/in3 Weight 32 26 lbs/ft3 Radial Shrinkage 3 % Tangential Shrinkage 7 % Item Green Dry Metric Bending Strength 635 992 kg/cm2 Density 528 kg/m3 Hardness 451 kg Maximum Crushing Strength 285 459 kg/cm2 Shearing Strength 139 kg/cm2 Stiffness 84 98 1000 kg/cm2 Toughness 192 cm-kg Work to Maximum Load 0.63 0.84 cm-kg/cm3 Weight 512 416 kg/m3 Radial Shrinkage 3 % References Berni, C.A., Bolza, E., Christensen, F.J.,1979,South American Timbers - The Characteristics, Properties and Uses of 190,Species,C.S.I.R.O Div. Building Research Brown, W.H.,1978,Timbers of the World, No. 2 South America,TRADA, Red Booklet Series Chudnoff, M.,1984,Tropical Timbers of the World,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products,Laboratory, Madison. Farmer, R.H.,1972,Handbook of Hardwoods,HMSO Forests Products Research Laboratory, U.K.,1956,A Handbook of Hardwoods,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Department of,Science and Industrial Research, Building Research Establishment France - C.T.F.T./C.T.B.,1982,Guide pour le Choix des Essences Deroulables-pour la fabrication du,contreplaque,C.T.F.T./C.T.B. France Howard, A.L.,1948,A Manual of Timbers of the World.,Macmillan & Co. Ltd. London 3rd ed. Kukachka, B.F.,1970,Properties of Imported Tropical Woods,Forest Research Paper FPL 125 Lavers, G.M.,1983,The Strength Properties of Timber (3rd ed. revised Moore G.L.,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Building Research,Establishment Report (formerly Bulletin No.50) Patterson, D.,1988,Commercial Timbers of the World, 5th Edition,Gower Technical Press Record, S.J., Hess, R.W.,1943,Timbers of the New World,Yale University Press Rendle, B.J.,1969,World Timbers (3 Vols.,Ernest Benn Ltd. London Takahashi, A.,1975,Compilation of data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign Woods (Part 2,Central and South America,Shimane University, Japan, Research Report on Foreign Wood No.4 Timber Development Association,1948,Some New Timbers and Their Uses No. 34,Timber Development Association Limited, London [TRADA] Tortorelli, L.,1956,Maderas y Bosques Argentinos,Editorial Acme S.A.C.I. Buenos Aires Woods, R.P.,1949,Timbers of South America,TRADA, Red Booklet Series