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Boring Comments Common Names Common Uses Countries of Distribution Cutting Resistance Drying Defects Ease of Drying Environmental Profile Family Name Grain Heartwood Color Luster Moulding Natural Durability Numerical Data Odor Planing Polishing Product Sources References Regions of Distribution Resistance to Impregnation Response to Hand Tools Sanding Sapwood Color Scientific Name Steam Bending Strength Properties Synonyms Texture Trade Name Tree Identification Tree Size Turning Veneering Qualities		Scientific Name Mitragyna parvifolia Trade Name Kaim Family Name Rubiaceae Synonyms Stephegyne parvifolia Common Names Attaka, Bata kadapu, Batabanapu, Bataganapu, Buta-kadambe, Chelampai, Chinna kadambu, Congu, Goli karam, Gore, Goure karam, Gui, Guri, Hedu, Hpang, Kadamb, Kadani, Kaddam, Kadiala, Kadwar, Kaem, Kaim, Kalam, Kallam, Kalm, Kamba, Kambli, Kangei, Kanu, Karamb, Karmi, Keim, Komba, Kudwal, Kulm, Kumra, Kurum, Kutebi, Mai-pyele, Mundi, Mundi-mundi, Nir-kadambu, Nirkadampa, Pajakiru, Paumiprwah, Phaldu, Rose kadambu, Sa, Sima-bandaru, Sira kadambu, Tamak, Tein, Teinthe, Vimba, Yetega Regions of Distribution Oceania and S.E. Asia Countries of Distribution  [VIEW MAP] Burma, India, Nepal, Sri Lanka Common Uses Agricultural implements, Boat building (general), Bobbins, Boxes and crates, Cabinetmaking, Carvings, Chairs, Chests, Concealed parts (Furniture), Cooperages, Decorative plywood, Desks, Dining-room furniture, Dowell pins, Dowells, Drawer sides, Fine furniture, Floor lamps, Food containers, Furniture , Furniture components, Furniture squares or stock, Furniture, Handles, Hatracks, Heavy construction, Kitchen cabinets, Light construction, Living-room suites, Mathematical instruments, Moldings, Office furniture, Pencil, Planks, Plywood, Poles, Radio - stereo - TV cabinets, Rustic furniture, Shafts/Handles, Sporting Goods, Stools, Structural plywood, Tables , Tables, Textile equipment, Tool handles, Toys, Turnery, Utility furniture, Utility plywood, Walking sticks, Wardrobes Environmental Profile Rare Status has not been officially assessed Heartwood Color Brown Yellow Orange Red Yellow to golden-yellow to orange Pale brown Greenish to greyish White to cream Pinkish tinge Sapwood Color White Yellow Same as heartwood Paler than heartwood Grain Even Closed Straight Wavy Wavy Straight Straight to shallowly interlockd Texture Medium Fine Coarse Fine Even textured Luster Medium Natural Durability Durable Perishable Moderately durable Non-durable Non durable Moderately durable Weathering properties are very poor Moderately resistant to decay Durable Odor Has an odor Drying Defects Internal Honeycombing Possible Collapse Distortion Moderate surface checking Ease of Drying Fairly Easy Thick Stock Requires Care Reconditioning Treatement Controlled drying conditions will prevent rapid drying and yield best results. Tree Identification Bole/stem form is straight Bole/stem form is fluted Tree Size Tree height is 10-20 m Bole length is 0-10 m Product Sources The species occurs only in small quantities in the forests in Malaysia, and trees tend to be small in size, which make them less desirable as a source of commercial timber. The leaves of the trees are chewed, prepared in other ways and used, or are smoked as opium. Comments General finishing qualities are rated as satisfactory Boring Fairly easy to very easy Cutting Resistance Easy to saw Cutting Resistance with green wood is easy Cutting Resistance with dry wood is easy Easy to saw Moulding Fairly Easy to Very Easy Planing Fairly Easy to Very Easy Aterial containing interlocked grain is difficult to work to a smooth finish in planing and other machining operations. Resistance to Impregnation Heartwood is moderately resistant Heartwood is permeable Response to Hand Tools Easy to Work Easy to machine Sanding Fairly Easy to Very Easy Turning Fairly Easy to Very Easy Veneering Qualities Suitable for peeling Difficult to veneer Steam Bending Fairly Easy to Very Easy Polishing Fair to Good Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Good results Strength Properties Density (dry weight) = 38-45 lbs/cu. ft. Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = very low Density (dry weight) = 46-52 lbs/cu. ft. Bending strength (MOR) = low Toughness-Hammer drop (Impact Strength) = low Max. crushing strength = medium Max. crushing strength = low Heavy Density = high Numerical Data Item Green Dry English Bending Strength 6111 9589 psi Density 42 lbs/ft3 Impact Strength 28 inches Maximum Crushing Strength 3027 5157 psi Stiffness 1017 1199 1000 psi Specific Gravity 0.52 0.59 Weight 48 41 lbs/ft3 Item Green Dry Metric Bending Strength 429 674 kg/cm2 Density 673 kg/m3 Impact Strength 71 cm Maximum Crushing Strength 212 362 kg/cm2 Stiffness 71 84 1000 kg/cm2 Specific Gravity 0.52 0.59 References Bourdillon, T.F.,1908,The Forest Trees of Travancore,Travancore Government Press Desch, H. E. 1954. Manual of Malayan Timbers - Volume II. Malayan Forest Records, No. 15. Malaya Publishing House Ltd., Singapore. Gamble, J.S.,1902,A Manual of Indian Timbers,Sampson Low, Marston & Co. London Limaye, V.D. 1954. Grouping of Indian Timbers and their Properties, Uses and Suitability. Indian Forest Records, New Series. Timber Mechanics, Vol. 1, No. 2, Forest Research Institute, Dehra Dun, India. Limaye, V.D. and B.R. Sen. 1953. Weights and Specific Gravities of Indian Woods. Indian Forest Records, New Series. Timber Mechanics, Vol. 1, No. 4, Forest Research Institute, Dehra Dun, India. Nazma,1981,A handbook of Kerala Timbers,Kerala Forest Research Institute Research Report, No.9 Pearson, R.S., Brown, H.P.,1932,Commercial Timbers of India,Govt. Printer Calcutta,2 vols Tewari, M.C., Jain, J.C.,1980,Utilization of Secondary Species,Journal of the National Building Organization 25(2) pp1-6