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Blunting Effect Boring Carving Certified Source Comments Common Names Common Uses Countries of Distribution Cutting Resistance Distribution Overview Ease of Drying Environmental Profile Family Name Gluing Grain Heartwood Color Kiln Drying Rate Kiln Schedules Mortising Moulding Movement in Service Nailing Natural Durability Natural Growth Defects Numerical Data Odor Planing Polishing References Regions of Distribution Resistance to Impregnation Response to Hand Tools Routing & Recessing Sanding Sapwood Color Scientific Name Screwing Staining Steam Bending Strength Properties Synonyms Texture Toxicity Trade Name Tree Identification Tree Size Turning Varnishing		Scientific Name Albizia zygia Trade Name Albizia Family Name Leguminosae Synonyms Albizia brownei, Inga zygia Common Names Albizia, Angoyen, Ayinreta, Bakbwe, Bortoyi, Bulala, Ehores, Jaranyo, Jarehi, Kababa, Kakpara, Kapun, Koli, Kouket, Kpule, Kulo, Kumbamba, Mduruasi, Mtanga, Mugavu, Munzania, Nongo, Ohuru, Okuro, Okuru, Oshanga, Ouochi, Pampena, Red nongo, Sakachi, Tshijimbu, Tshikumankassa, Tshikumbamkumba, Tshimbambabamba, Tumbum, Uwowe, West African albizzia, Wochi Regions of Distribution Africa Countries of Distribution  [VIEW MAP] Benin, Central African Republic, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea Bissau, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Mali, Mozambique, Nigeria, Senegal, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda Common Uses Agricultural implements, Barge fenders, Beams, Bedroom suites, Boat building (general), Boat building, Boxes and crates, Building materials, Cabinetmaking, Canoes, Casks, Chairs, Chests, Decorative veneer, Desks, Dining-room furniture, Docks, Dockwork, Domestic flooring, Door, Dowell pins, Dowells, Drawer sides, Factory construction, Figured veneer, Fine furniture, Floor lamps, Flooring, Fuelwood, Furniture , Furniture components, Furniture squares or stock, Furniture, Harbor work, Hardboards, Hatracks, Interior construction, Interior trim, Joinery, Joists, Kitchen cabinets, Lifeboats, Light construction, Living-room suites, Marine construction, Matchboxes, Matches, Millwork, Particleboard, Plywood, Poles, Posts, Sporting Goods, Structural work, Tool handles, Turnery, Vehicle parts, Veneer: decorative Environmental Profile Abundant/Secure Status unknown in many of its growth areas Generally secure within its natural habitat Data source is World Conservation Monitoring Center Abundant Distribution Overview Various species in the Albizia genus occur throughout Africa. Trees growing in high forests are the main source of timber production, but the species is also common in secondary forests. Heartwood Color Brown Yellow Red Orange Purple Black Pink White Yellow to golden-yellow to orange Brown Red Pale brown Dark brown Reddish brown Pinkish white Pale red to pink Light red Light buff to yellowish brown Sapwood Color White Yellow Green/Grey White to yellow Clearly differentiated from the heartwood Straw colored to grayish-white Different than heartwood Grain Straight Interlocked Figure Even Irregular Stripe (figure) Generally straight, but not always Interlocked Striped figure Irregular Striped figure on quartersawn surfaces. Texture Medium Coarse Fine Coarse Medium Fine Fair to medium coarse Natural Growth Defects Gum and mineral deposits Natural Durability Susceptible to insect attack Non-resistant to termites Durable Non-durable Moderately durable Non-resistant to powder post beetles Perishable Very durable Resistant to termites Susceptible to attack from termites (Isoptera) Non durable Susceptible to attack from powder post (Lyctid & Bostrychid) beetles Moderately durable Durable Very durable Susceptible to attack by fungi and termites Resistant to attack from termites (Isoptera) Odor No specific smell or taste Toxicity Some toxic effects Unspecified toxicity Sawdust can cause nose irritation in some individuals Kiln Schedules Dry at a slow speed UK=E US=T6D2/T3D Fr=5 T6 - D4 (4/4); T3 - D3 (8/4) US Schedule F (4/4) United Kingdom Ease of Drying Fairly Easy Slowly Reconditioning Treatement Easy Dries slowly Kiln Drying Rate Naturally dries slowly Tree Identification Bole/stem form is buttressed Bole/stem form is not buttressed Bole/stem form is straight Tree Size Tree height is 20-30 m Trunk diameter is 100-150 cm Tree height is 30-40 m Bole length is 10-20 m Bole length is 20-30 m Tree height is 10-20 m Certified Source Certified Source Comments General finishing qualities are rated as good Blunting Effect Moderate Little There is some significant blunting effect on cutting tools Blunting effect on machining is slight Boring Fair to good results Fairly easy to very easy Good (75+ pieces out of 100 will yield good to excellent results) Fair results Carving Fair to Good Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Fair results Cutting Resistance Easy to saw Moderate to saw Cutting Resistance with dry wood is easy Cutting Resistance with green wood is moderate Cutting Resistance with dry wood is moderate Gluing Fairly Easy to Very Easy Very Good to Excellent Results Fair to Good Results Easy to glue Glues well A good jointing timber. Mortising Fair to Good Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Finishes well Moulding Fair to Good Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Good moulding properties Movement in Service Excellent Stability - Small Movement Fair to Good Stability - Medium Movement Stable Small Nailing Fairly Easy to Very Easy Pre-Boring Recommended Fair to Good Results Poor to Very Poor Results Easy to nail Tends to split during nailing Pre-boring recommended Planing Fair to Good Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Very Good to Excellent Results Works well with hand tools Planes well, to a good finish Planes well, to a good finish Cutting angle of 15 degrees is recommended to prevent torn grain on quarter-sawn surfaces. Resistance to Impregnation Resistant heartwood Resistant sapwood Permeable sapwood Heartwood is moderately resistant Heartwood is resistant Sapwood is treatable Sapwood is permeable Response to Hand Tools Easy to Work Responds Readily Fairly Difficult to Difficult to Work Easy to machine Responds well to hand tools Moderate working qualities Routing & Recessing Fair to Good Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Good in both routing and recessing. Sanding Fair to Good Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Satisfactory sanding results Good sanding finish Easy to sand Screwing Pre-boring recommended Fairly Easy to Very Easy Fair to Good Results Recommend pre-boring Easy to screw Turning Fairly Easy to Very Easy Fair to Good Results Easy to turn Steam Bending Fair to Good Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Moderate Polishing Fair to Good Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Satisfactory results Good results Staining Fair to Good Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Very Good to Excellent Results Finish is generally satisfactory Stains well Varnishing Fair to Good Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Good results Strength Properties Density (dry weight) = 31-37 lbs/cu. ft. Bending strength (MOR) = medium Max. crushing strength = medium Shrinkage, Tangential = moderate Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = low Shrinkage, Radial = very small Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = very low Hardness (side grain) = soft Bending strength (MOR) = low Shrinkage, Volumetric = small Shrinkage, Radial = small Max. crushing strength = high Shrinkage, Tangential = small Shrinkage, Tangential = fairly large Shrinkage, Radial = moderate Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = low Hardness (side grain) = very soft Density (dry weight) = 46-52 lbs/cu. ft. Density (dry weight) = 38-45 lbs/cu. ft. Numerical Data Item Green Dry English Bending Strength 8060 12478 psi Density 38 lbs/ft3 Hardness 825 lbs Impact Strength 49 inches Maximum Crushing Strength 4333 7156 psi Shearing Strength 1646 psi Stiffness 1310 1523 1000 psi Specific Gravity 0.52 Weight 39 28 lbs/ft3 Radial Shrinkage 3 % Tangential Shrinkage 7 % Volumetric Shrinkage 8 % Item Green Dry Metric Bending Strength 566 877 kg/cm2 Density 608 kg/m3 Hardness 374 kg Impact Strength 124 cm Maximum Crushing Strength 304 503 kg/cm2 Shearing Strength 115 kg/cm2 Stiffness 92 107 1000 kg/cm2 Specific Gravity 0.52 Weight 624 448 kg/m3 Radial Shrinkage 3 % Tangential Shrinkage 7 % References Bois, P.J.,1966,The Strength Properties of Tanzania Timbers,Tanzania Forest Div. Util. Sec. Moshi Tech. Note, No.35 Bolza, E., Keating, W.G.,1972,African Timbers - the Properties, Uses and Characteristics of 700 Species,C.S.I.R.O. Div. of Building Research Chudnoff, M.,1984,Tropical Timbers of the World,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products,Laboratory, Madison. Cooper, G.P., Record, S.J.,1931,The Evergreen Forests of Liberia,Yale School Forestry Bulletin,31,pp1-153 Erfurth, T., Rusche, H.,1976,The Marketing of Tropical Wood A. Wood Species from African Moist Forests,F.A.O. Forestry Department France - C.T.F.T./C.T.B.,1982,Guide pour le Choix des Essences Deroulables-pour la fabrication du,contreplaque,C.T.F.T./C.T.B. France Ghana - Timber Marketing Board,1969,Ghana Hardwoods,Timber Marketing Board Gotz, E.,1983,Timber trees of the Gambia,Stiftung Walderhaltung in Afrika and Bundesforschungsanstalt fur Forst-,und Holzwirtschaft HMSO. 1981. Handbook of Hardwoods, 2nd Edition. revised by R.H. Farmer. Department of the Environment, Building Research Establishment, Princes Risborough Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire. Hughes, J.F.,1971,The Principal Timber Trees of Cameroon,Unpublished data Irvine, F.R.,1961,Woody Plants of Ghana,O.U.P. London Jay, B.A.,1968,Timbers of West Africa,TRADA, Red Booklet Series Keay, R.W.J. 1989. Trees of Nigeria. Revised Version of Nigerian Trees. Clarendon Press, Oxford. Kinloch, D., Miller, W.A.,1949,Gold Coast Timbers,Govt. Printer Gold Coast Kryn, J.M., Forbes, E.W.,1959,The Woods of Liberia,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture,Forest Products Laboratory, Madison,,Report No. 2159 Lebacq, L., Dechamps, R.,1967,Contribution a un Inventaire de Forets du Nord-kasai,Musee Royal de L'Afrique Centrale Belgium Annals Series 8 No.5 Lincoln, W.A. 1986. World Woods in Color. Linden Publishing Co. Inc., Fresno, California. Sallenave, P.,1964,Proprietes Physiques et Mecaniques des Bois Tropicaux (Premier Supplement,C.T.F.T. Publ.,no.23 Spalt, H.A., Stern, W.L.,1956,Survey of African woods 1,Tropical Woods,115(105,pp 13-38 Tack, C.H.,1953,A note on the mechanical properties of Chrysophyllum albidum and Albizzia,zygia from Uganda,Uganda Forestry Department Technical Note,No1/53 Tack, C.H.,1969,Uganda Timbers,Govt. Printer Uganda Takahashi, A.,1978,Compilation of Data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign Woods (Part,III) Africa,Shimane University, Japan, Research Report on Foreign Wood No. 7 Uganda Forest Department,1954,Albizzia,Uganda Forestry Department Timber Leaflet,No.18 Uganda Forest Department,1954,The Mechanical Properties of some Ugandan Timbers,Uganda Forest Department Timber Leaflet,No.1 WCMC. 1992. Conservation Status Listing - Trees and Timbers of the World. World Conservation Monitoring Center-Plants Programme, Cambridge, CB3 ODL, United Kingdom.