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Blunting Effect Boring Carving Common Names Common Uses Countries of Distribution Cutting Resistance Distribution Overview Drying Defects Ease of Drying Environmental Profile Gluing Grain Heartwood Color Kiln Schedules Luster Mortising Moulding Movement in Service Nailing Natural Durability Numerical Data Odor Planing Polishing References Regions of Distribution Resistance to Impregnation Response to Hand Tools Routing & Recessing Sanding Sapwood Color Scientific Name Screwing Silica Content Staining Strength Properties Texture Trade Name Tree Size Turning		Scientific Name Koordersiodendron pinnatum Trade Name Ranggu Family Name Common Names Ambugis, Amugis, Bangkahasi, Bangkalari, Dangila, Gagil, Kalumanog, Kantingen, Karogkog, Lakolako, Magalibas, Maguyabud, Marasantog, Mugis, Oris, Ranggu, Sambalagan, Sambulauan, Sarga, Taligaan, Twi, Uris, Urisan Regions of Distribution Oceania and S.E. Asia Countries of Distribution  [VIEW MAP] Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines Common Uses Flooring, Furniture components, Joinery, Turnery Environmental Profile Abundant/Secure Unknown because of lack of information Data source is World Conservation Monitoring Center Distribution Overview Philippines, Celebes, and Borneo (including Sabah); a scattered tree in lowland forests. Heartwood Color Red Brown Yellow White Pink Green/grey Grey Orange Reddish brown Dark brown The wood is reported to often contain numerous tiny knots Sapwood Color White Yellow Brown Red White Pinkish Clearly differentiated from the heartwood Brown - light grayish Grain Closed Interlocked Wavy May be wavy or curly Interlocked Texture Medium Fine Even or uniform Uniform Fine Even textured Luster High Variable luster Natural Durability Perishable Non-durable Susceptible to insect attack Non-resistant to marine borers Non-resistant to termites Non-resistant to termites Non-resistant to powder post beetles Susceptible to termite attack Moderately resistant to decay Standing trees are also vulnerable to attack by longhorn beetles Odor Has an odor No specific smell or taste Silica Content Siliceous Kiln Schedules Schedule K (4/4) United Kingdom 13-C4S (4/4); T11-3Ds (8/4) US Drying Defects Checking Distortion Shakes Severe cupping Expect splits Ease of Drying Fairly Easy Medium to High Shrinkage Reconditioning Treatement Dries slowly with some degrade Air-Seasoning stock in thicker dimensions prior to kiln-drying has been suggested to minimize degrade. Radial = 3.5% Shrinkage from Green to 12% MC Tangential = 6.5% Tree Size Tree height is 30-40 m Bole length is 20-30 m Bole length is 10-20 m Trunk diameter is 100-150 cm Bole length is 0-10 m Tree height is 20-30 m It produces well developed buttresses that are about 5 feet (1.5 m) high Blunting Effect High to severe Moderate effect Boring Fairly easy to very easy Tool exits should be adequately supported to prevent break-out during boring Carving Fairly Easy to Very Easy Cutting Resistance Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult to saw Gluing Fair to Good Results Very Good to Excellent Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Good properties Mortising Fairly Easy to Very Easy The timber is reported to mortise well, but it requires to be supported firmly at tool exits to prevent break-out Moulding Fairly Easy to Very Easy Movement in Service Shows only small movement after manufacture Retains shape well after seasoning Nailing Fairly Easy to Very Easy Fair to Good Results Very Good to Excellent Results Difficult to nail Planing Fairly Easy to Very Easy Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Responds well to most tools, especially those with tipped cutters Good planing properties Quartersawn surfaces tend to tear. Other surfaces can be worked to a smooth finish Resistance to Impregnation Resistant sapwood Resistant heartwood The heartwood responds very poorly to impregnation, and the sapwood is fairly difficult to treat. Response to Hand Tools Easy to Work Responds Readily Routing & Recessing Fairly Easy to Very Easy Sanding Fair to Good Results Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Screwing Fair to Good Results Very Good to Excellent Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Turning Fairly Easy to Very Easy Polishing Fair to Good Results Satisfactory results Staining Satisfactory staining qualities Strength Properties Max crushing strength = very high Heavy Density = high Compression strength (parallel to grain) = high Bending strength (MOR) = very high It is far superior in strength to either Teak or Hard maple. It is harder than Hard maple or Teak. It is quite resistant to denting Numerical Data Item Green Dry English Bending Strength 14586 20800 psi Density 54 lbs/ft3 Hardness 1823 lbs Impact Strength 42 53 inches Maximum Crushing Strength 7657 10550 psi Shearing Strength 2465 psi Stiffness 1992 3338 1000 psi Specific Gravity 0.65 0.71 Weight 65 53 lbs/ft3 Item Green Dry Metric Bending Strength 1025 1462 kg/cm2 Density 865 kg/m3 Hardness 826 kg Impact Strength 106 134 cm Maximum Crushing Strength 538 741 kg/cm2 Shearing Strength 173 kg/cm2 Stiffness 140 234 1000 kg/cm2 Specific Gravity 0.65 0.71 References Boone, R.S., C.J. Kozlik, P.J. Bois and E.M. Wengert. 1988. Dry Kiln Schedules for Commercial Woods: Temperate and Tropical. United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, General Technical Report FPL-GTR-57, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin. Chudnoff, M.,1984,Tropical Timbers of the World,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products,Laboratory, Madison. Lavers, G.M. 1969. The Strength Properties of Timbers. Forest Products Research Bulletin, No. 50 (Second Edition, Metric Units). Ministry of Technology, Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London. Schneider, E.E. 1916. Commercial Woods of the Philippines: Their Preparation and Uses. Bulletin No. 14. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Forestry, Manila, Philippines. WCMC. 1992. Conservation Status Listing: Trees and Timbers of the World. World Conservation Monitoring Center (WCMC, Plants Program, 219 Huntingdon Road, Cambridge, CB3 ODL, United Kingdom.