Clicking any heading in the main data area (at right) will scroll the page back to this top position. Use the following links to jump to the associated section in the main data. Blunting Effect Boring Comments Common Names Common Uses Corrosive Properties Countries of Distribution Cutting Resistance Drying Defects Ease of Drying Environmental Profile Family Name Gluing Grain Heartwood Color Kiln Drying Rate Kiln Schedules Light-Induced Color Change Luster Mortising Movement in Service Nailing Natural Durability Numerical Data Painting Planing Polishing References Regions of Distribution Resistance to Impregnation Response to Hand Tools Sanding Sapwood Color Scientific Name Screwing Staining Steam Bending Strength Properties Synonyms Texture Trade Name Tree Identification Tree Size Turning Varnishing Veneering Qualities		Scientific Name Flindersia brayleyana Trade Name Australian butt maple Family Name Rutaceae Synonyms Flindersia chatawaiana Common Names Australian butt maple, Australian maple, Australian silkwood, Flindersia, Maple silkwood, Queensland maple, Red beech, Silkwood Regions of Distribution Africa, Oceania and S.E. Asia Countries of Distribution  [VIEW MAP] Australia, South Africa Common Uses Agricultural implements, Boat building (general), Boat building: decking, Boat building: framing, Boxes and crates, Cabinetmaking, Carvings, Cooperages, Door, Food containers, Furniture, Joinery (external): ground contact, Joinery, Light construction, Moldings, Musical instruments, Oars, Paneling, Plywood, Plywood: veneer (marine), Sporting Goods, Tables, Toys, Turnery, Vats, Vehicle parts, Veneer, Veneer: decorative Environmental Profile Abundant/Secure Rare Heartwood Color Brown Yellow Green/grey Black White Red Orange Pale red to pink Pale brown Red Dark brown Brown Sapwood Color White Yellow Brown Red Green/Grey Different than heartwood Paler than heartwood Clearly differentiated from the heartwood Grain Figure Interlocked Wavy Distinct (figure) Stripe (figure) Other (figure) Closed Even Straight Rippled (figure) Interlocked Wavy Distinct figure Striped figure Other figure Straight Rippled figure Texture Coarse Brown - medium value Medium to coarse Fine to medium Luster Medium Lustrous Pronounced Natural Durability Susceptible to insect attack Non-resistant to powder post beetles Non-durable Perishable Non durable Resistant to attack from powder post (Lyctid & Bostrychid) beetles Moderately durable Pinworms (ambrosia beetles) often present in the standing tree Pinworms (ambrosia beetles) may be present in the felled log Perishable Durable Susceptible to attack from termites (Isoptera) Pinworms (ambrosia beetles) are commonly present Light-Induced Color Change Darker Corrosive Properties Non-corrosive Kiln Schedules UK=C US=T3C2/T3C1 Fr=3 Kiln Drying Rate (in days) is rapid Uk = C Drying Defects Splitting Distortion Discoloration Extension of Existing Shakes Ring Shakes Moderate twist/warp Moderate collapse and honeycombing Moderate cupping No surface checking Slight twist/warp Slight cupping Ease of Drying Fairly Easy Rapidly Reconditioning Treatement Little degrade Easy Difficult Kiln Drying Rate Naturally dries quickly Rapid (<10 days for boards < 32 mm, to <30 days for boards >= 63 mm) Tree Identification Bole/stem form is buttressed Tree Size Tree height is 10-20 m Sapwood width is 15-20 cm Sapwood width is 5-10 cm Sapwood width is 10-15 cm Tree height is 20-30 m Comments General finishing qualities are rated as good Blunting Effect Moderate Blunting effect on machining is moderate Boring Fair to good results Fairly easy to very easy Very good to excellent results Cutting Resistance Cutting Resistance with dry wood is easy Gluing Fairly Easy to Very Easy Fair to Good Results Moderate gluing properties Easy to glue Mortising Fairly Easy to Very Easy Fair to Good Results Movement in Service Excellent Stability - Small Movement Fair to Good Stability - Medium Movement Nailing Pre-Boring Recommended Very Good to Excellent Results Fair to Good Results Easy to nail Holds nails well Planing Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Resistance to Impregnation Permeable sapwood Permeable heartwood Sapwood is permeable Heartwood is extremely resistant Response to Hand Tools Easy to Work Responds Readily Easy to machine Sanding Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Screwing Pre-boring recommended Very Good to Excellent Results Fair to Good Results Easy to screw Turning Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Easy to turn Veneering Qualities Veneers moderately easy Difficult to veneer Veneers easily Suitable for peeling Easy to cut Suitable for slicing Suitable for peeling No drying degrade. Dries flat without splitting Steam Bending Very Good to Excellent Results Fair to Good Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Very poor Poor Moderate Painting Fair to Good Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Polishing Very Good to Excellent Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Satisfactory results Good results Staining Fair to Good Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Very Good to Excellent Results Finish is generally satisfactory Finish is generally good Varnishing Fair to Good Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Strength Properties Density (dry weight) = 31-37 lbs/cu. ft. Shrinkage, Tangential = large Shrinkage, Radial = moderate Density (dry weight) = 38-45 lbs/cu. ft. Bending strength (MOR) = low Shrinkage, Tangential = moderate Shrinkage, Tangential = fairly large Shrinkage, Radial = small Shrinkage, Radial = fairly large Hardness (side grain) = soft Bending strength (MOR) = medium Shrinkage, Tangential = small Numerical Data Item Green Dry English Bending Strength 7178 11247 psi Density 34 lbs/ft3 Hardness 995 lbs Maximum Crushing Strength 3916 6397 psi Shearing Strength 1883 psi Stiffness 1301 1506 1000 psi Weight 33 26 lbs/ft3 Radial Shrinkage 4 % Tangential Shrinkage 9 % Item Green Dry Metric Bending Strength 504 790 kg/cm2 Density 544 kg/m3 Hardness 451 kg Maximum Crushing Strength 275 449 kg/cm2 Shearing Strength 132 kg/cm2 Stiffness 91 105 1000 kg/cm2 Weight 528 416 kg/m3 Radial Shrinkage 4 % References Australia - Forest Products Newsletter,1947,Properties of Australian timbers - Queensland maple (Flindersia brayleyana,and Flindersia pimenteliana,Australia C.S.I.R.O. Forest Products Newsletter,No.156 Australia Forest Products Newsletter,1956,Properties of Australian timbers: Queensland maple (Flindersia brayleyana,and Flindersia pimenteliana,Australia C.S.I.R.O. Forest Products Newsletter No.222 Banks, C.H., Schoeman, J.P., Otto, K.P.,1977,The Mechanical Properties of Timbers with particular reference to South,Africa,South African Forestry Research Institute Bulletin,(Ed.,Schoeman, J.P. 1973 & Otto K.P. 1976,No.48 Boas, I.H.,1947,The Commercial Timbers of Australia - Their Properties and Uses,Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Melbourne Bolza, E., Kloot, N.H.,1963,The Mechanical Properties of 174 Australian Timbers,C.S.I.R.O. Division of Forest Products Technological Paper,No.25 Bootle, K.R.,1971,The Commercial Timbers of New South Wales and their use,Angus & Robertson (publishers) PTY Ltd Brown, W.H.,1978,Timbers of the World, No. 8 Australasia,TRADA, Red Booklet Series Chudnoff, M.,1984,Tropical Timbers of the World,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products,Laboratory, Madison. Clifford, N.,1953,Commercial Hardwoods - Their Characteristics Identification and,Utilization,Sir Isaac Pitman & Sons Ltd. London Clifford, N.,1957,Timber Identification for the Builder and Architect,Leonard Hill (Books) LTD. London Cox, H.A.,1939,A Handbook of Empire Timbers,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough Dadswell, H.E., Eckersley, A.M.,1935,The Identification of the Principal Commercial Australian Timbers other,than eucalyptus,Australian C.S.I.R.O. Bulletin NO.90 Farmer, R.H.,1972,Handbook of Hardwoods,HMSO Forest Products Research Laboratory, U.K.,1945,A Handbook of Empire Timbers,Department of Scientific and Industrial Research Forest Products Research Forestry Commission of New South Wales,1987,Timbers used in New South Wales for Domestic Buildings,Forestry Commission of New South Wales, Technical Publication No.6 Forests Products Research Laboratory, U.K.,1956,A Handbook of Hardwoods,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Department of,Science and Industrial Research, Building Research Establishment Francis, W.D.,1951,Australian Rain-forest Trees,Commonwealth of Australia - Forestry and Timber Bureau Gay, F.J., Et al,1955,Standard laboratory colonies of termites for evaluating the resistance of,timber, timber preservatives and other materials to termite attack.,C.S.I.R.O., Australia Bulletin,No.277 Harrar, E.S.,1942,Some Physical Properties of Modern Cabinet Woods 3. Directional and Volume,Shrinkage,Tropical Woods,9(71, pp26-32 Howard, A.L.,1948,A Manual of Timbers of the World.,Macmillan & Co. Ltd. London 3rd ed. I.U.F.R.O.,1973,Veneer Species of the World,Assembled at F.P.L. Madison on behalf of I.U.F.R.O. Working Party on,Slicing and Veneer Cutting Keating, W.G., Bolza, E.,1982,Characteristics properties and uses of timbers. South East Asia, Northern,Australia and the Pacific,C.S.I.R.O. Div. Chemical Technology,Inkata Press,1 Kingston, R.S.T., Risdon, C.J.E.,1961,Shrinkage and Density of Australian and other South-West Pacific Woods,C.S.I.R.O. Division of Forest Products Technological Paper No.13 Kribs, D.A.,1950,Commercial and Foreign Woods on the American Market (a manual to their,structure, identification, uses and distribution,U.S.A. Penn. State College, Tropical Woods Laboratory Patterson, D.,1988,Commercial Timbers of the World, 5th Edition,Gower Technical Press Rendle, B.J.,1969,World Timbers (3 Vols.,Ernest Benn Ltd. London Timber Development Association Ltd.,1955,World Timbers (3 Vols.,Timber Development Association Ltd. Titmuss, F.H.,1965,Commercial Timbers of the World,Technical Press Ltd., London, 3rd edition