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Blunting Effect Comments Common Names Common Uses Countries of Distribution Cutting Resistance Distribution Overview Drying Defects Ease of Drying Family Name Gluing Grain Heartwood Color Kiln Drying Rate Kiln Schedules Luster Movement in Service Nailing Natural Durability Natural Growth Defects Numerical Data Painting Planing Polishing References Regions of Distribution Resistance to Impregnation Response to Hand Tools Routing & Recessing Sapwood Color Scientific Name Screwing Staining Steam Bending Strength Properties Synonyms Texture Toxicity Trade Name Tree Identification Tree Size Turning Varnishing Veneering Qualities		Scientific Name Eucalyptus delegatensis Trade Name Alpine ash Family Name Myrtaceae Synonyms Eucalyptus gigantea Common Names Alpine ash, Australian oak, Eucalyptus, Gum top stringy bark, Mountain ash, Red mountain ash, Southern mountain ash, Stringy bark, Tasmanian oak, Victorian ash, White top stringy bark, Woollybut Regions of Distribution Oceania and S.E. Asia Countries of Distribution  [VIEW MAP] Australia Common Uses Agricultural implements, Baseball bats, Boat building (general), Boat building: planking, Boxes and crates, Cabinetmaking, Carvings, Cooperages, Flooring, Food containers, Furniture, Handles: general, Heavy construction, Joinery, Ladders, Light construction, Matches, Moldings, Oars, Paneling, Particleboard, Plywood corestock, Plywood, Poles, Pulp/Paper products, Skis, Sporting Goods, Tool handles, Toys, Turnery, Vats, Vehicle parts, Wheel spokes, Wheels Distribution Overview Eastern Victoria, extreme southeastern New South Wales in Australia. Heartwood Color Brown Green/grey Red Pink White Yellow Black Orange Pale brown Pale red to pink Yellow to golden-yellow to orange White to cream Sapwood Color White Yellow Brown Red Green/Grey Paler than heartwood Grain Straight Figure Growth rings (figure) Closed Even Wavy Interlocked Stripe (figure) Straight Clear growth rings (figure) Wavy Striped figure Interlocked Texture Coarse Medium Coarse Luster Medium Natural Growth Defects Gum/resin streaks Natural Durability Susceptible to insect attack Non-resistant to powder post beetles Moderately durable Durable Non-resistant to termites Very durable Perishable Non-resistant to marine borers Non-durable Resistant to attack from powder post (Lyctid & Bostrychid) beetles Moderately durable Susceptible to marine borer attack Susceptible to attack from termites (Isoptera) Susceptible to attack from powder post (Lyctid & Bostrychid) beetles Pinworms (ambrosia beetles) are commonly present Toxicity Some toxic effects Respiratory effects Dermatitic effects Kiln Schedules Drying (speed) is fast Kiln Drying Rate (in days) is rather slow Drying Defects Checking Distortion Collapse Internal Honeycombing Possible Severe collapse and honeycomb Moderate surface checking Slight surface checking Moderate twist/warp Moderate collapse and honeycombing Ease of Drying Fairly Easy Moderately Difficult to Difficult Moderate Difficult Kiln Drying Rate Drying rate is fairly rapid to fast Slow (18-28 days for boards < 32 mm, to 52-84 days for boards >= 63 mm) Tree Identification Bole/stem form is straight Tree Size Trunk diameter is 100-150 cm Tree height is 30-40 m Tree height is 40-50 m Trunk diameter is 150-200 cm Tree height is 20-30 m Tree height is 50-60 m Tree height is 60-70 m Tree height is greater than 70 m Comments General finishing qualities are rated as good Blunting Effect Blunting effect on sawing dry wood is moderate Blunting effect on machining is slight Blunting effect on machining is moderate Cutting Resistance Easy to saw Cutting Resistance with dry wood is moderate Cutting Resistance with green wood is easy Cutting Resistance with dry wood is easy Gluing Fairly Easy to Very Easy Fair to Good Results Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Easy to glue Moderate gluing properties Movement in Service Medium Nailing Pre-Boring Recommended Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Holds satisfactorily Difficult to nail Planing Fairly Easy to Very Easy Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Planes well, to a good finish Planes to a satisfactory finish Planes to a poor finish Easy to plane Resistance to Impregnation Resistant heartwood Resistant sapwood Permeable heartwood Permeable sapwood Sapwood is permeable Heartwood is resistant Heartwood is highly resistant Response to Hand Tools Easy to Work Fairly Difficult to Difficult to Work Moderate working qualities Easy to machine Routing & Recessing Satisfactory routing results Screwing Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Easy to screw Turning Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Easy to turn Veneering Qualities There is slight to moderate drying degrade and the potential for buckles and splits Moderately easy to veneer Steam Bending Fair to Good Results Good Very good Moderate Painting Very Good to Excellent Results Fair to Good Results Polishing Fair to Good Results Poor to Very Poor Results Very Good to Excellent Results Good results Staining Fair to Good Results Very Good to Excellent Results Finish is generally good Varnishing Good results Strength Properties Density (dry weight) = 38-45 lbs/cu. ft. Bending strength (MOR) = medium Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = medium Density (dry weight) = 46-52 lbs/cu. ft. Max. crushing strength = medium Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = low Density (dry weight) = 31-37 lbs/cu. ft. Max. crushing strength = high Shrinkage, Tangential = large Hardness (side grain) = soft Shrinkage, Radial = large Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = low Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = high Bending strength (MOR) = low Shrinkage, Radial = fairly large Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = medium Bending strength (MOR) = high Numerical Data Item Green Dry English Bending Strength 9158 14311 psi Density 40 lbs/ft3 Hardness 995 lbs Maximum Crushing Strength 5159 7875 psi Shearing Strength 1652 psi Stiffness 1695 1956 1000 psi Weight 39 31 lbs/ft3 Radial Shrinkage 6 % Tangential Shrinkage 10 % Item Green Dry Metric Bending Strength 643 1006 kg/cm2 Density 641 kg/m3 Hardness 451 kg Maximum Crushing Strength 362 553 kg/cm2 Shearing Strength 116 kg/cm2 Stiffness 119 137 1000 kg/cm2 Weight 624 496 kg/m3 Radial Shrinkage 6 % References Australia - N.S.W. Forestry Commission,1968,Working Properties of some Native and Imported Timbers,Forestry Commission of New South Wales, Technical Publication No.8 Australia - N.S.W. Forestry Commission,1988,Furniture Timbers of New South Wales,Forest Commission, N.S.W., Aust. Tech. Publication No.1 Banks, C.H., Schoeman, J.P., Otto, K.P.,1977,The Mechanical Properties of Timbers with particular reference to South,Africa,South African Forestry Research Institute Bulletin,(Ed.,Schoeman, J.P. 1973 & Otto K.P. 1976,No.48 Boas, I.H.,1947,The Commercial Timbers of Australia - Their Properties and Uses,Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Melbourne Bolza, E., Keating, W.G.,1972,African Timbers - the Properties, Uses and Characteristics of 700 Species,C.S.I.R.O. Div. of Building Research Bolza, E., Kloot, N.H.,1963,The Mechanical Properties of 174 Australian Timbers,C.S.I.R.O. Division of Forest Products Technological Paper,No.25 Bolza, E.,1976,Timber and Health,Div. Building Res. C.S.I.R.O. Australia Farmer, R.H.,1972,Handbook of Hardwoods,HMSO Forests Products Research Laboratory, U.K.,1956,A Handbook of Hardwoods,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Department of,Science and Industrial Research, Building Research Establishment Haslett, A.N.,1988,Properties and utilisation of exotic speciality timbers grown in New,Zealand Part V: Ash Eucalypts and Eucalyptus nitens E. regans,,E.delegatensis, E.fastigata, E.obliqua, E.sieberi, E.fraxinoides, E.nitens,New Zealand Forest Service, Forest Research Institute, FRI Bulletin No.119 I.U.F.R.O.,1973,Veneer Species of the World,Assembled at F.P.L. Madison on behalf of I.U.F.R.O. Working Party on,Slicing and Veneer Cutting Scott, M.H.,1935,Weights of South African Growth Timbers,South African Department of Agriculture and Forestry Bulletin,No.145,Forest Products Institute, Forestry Series No.1 Takahashi, A.,1978,Compilation of Data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign Woods (Part,III) Africa,Shimane University, Japan, Research Report on Foreign Wood No. 7 The Australian Timber Journal & Building Products, Merchandiser,1969,Timber Durability and Preservation,Supplement to Australian Timber Journal 35(4) Tech. Timb. Guide No.8 Thomas, A.J.,1955,Tasmanian Woods,Forestry Department Tasmania, Bulletin No.1 Timber Development Association,1942,Tasmanian Oak - Eucalyptus obliqua, E. regnans and E. gigantea,TRADA Timber Leaflet No. 30