Clicking any heading in the main data area (at right) will scroll the page back to this top position. Use the following links to jump to the associated section in the main data. Blunting Effect Boring Comments Common Names Common Uses Countries of Distribution Cutting Resistance Ease of Drying Family Name Grain Heartwood Color Kiln Drying Rate Luster Moulding Movement in Service Nailing Natural Durability Numerical Data Planing Polishing References Regions of Distribution Response to Hand Tools Sanding Sapwood Color Scientific Name Screwing Silica Content Strength Properties Synonyms Texture Trade Name Tree Identification Tree Size Turning		Scientific Name Eschweilera amara Trade Name Black kakaralli Family Name Lecythidaceae Synonyms Chytroma amara, Eschweilera corrugata, Lecythis amara Common Names Black kakaralli, Guacharacorojo, Inegosso, Jatereua, Jouatii, Kakaralli, Lebi loabi, Mahot rouge, Manbarklak, Mata-mata-vermelho, Oemanbarklak, Sapucaia amargosa, Wina kakaralli, Wini kakaralli Regions of Distribution Latin America Countries of Distribution  [VIEW MAP] Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela Common Uses Fuelwood, Light construction, Piling, Poles, Railroad ties, Sporting Goods, Structural work, Tool handles, Wharf construction Heartwood Color Purple Red Brown Reddish brown Red Pale red to pink Greenish to greyish Brown Sapwood Color White to yellow Well defined Paler than heartwood Grain Straight Even Straight Texture Medium Coarse Fine Fine to medium Luster Slightly lustrous Lustrous Natural Durability Durable Moderately durable Non-resistant to termites Susceptible to insect attack Susceptible to attack from termites (Isoptera) Susceptible to marine borer attack Resistant to attack from powder post (Lyctid & Bostrychid) beetles Resistant to attack from marine borers Moderately durable Durable Silica Content Moderate silica contact Ease of Drying Slowly Moderate Difficult Kiln Drying Rate Naturally dries slowly Tree Identification Bole/stem form is not buttressed Bole/stem form is straight Bole/stem form is cylindrical Tree Size Bole length is 10-20 m Bole length is 20-30 m Tree height is 50-60 m Comments General finishing qualities are rated as good Blunting Effect Little Blunting effect on machining is severe Boring Fairly easy to very easy Cutting Resistance Cutting Resistance with dry wood is difficult Moulding Very Good to Excellent Results Fair to Good Results Movement in Service Medium Large Nailing Pre-Boring Recommended Planing Very Good to Excellent Results Fair to Good Results Response to Hand Tools Difficult to machine Sanding Fairly Easy to Very Easy Screwing Pre-boring recommended Turning Very Good to Excellent Results Fair to Good Results Polishing Good results Strength Properties Shrinkage, Tangential = large Max. crushing strength = high Bending strength (MOR) = very high Bending strength (MOR) = high Shrinkage, Tangential = moderate Shrinkage, Tangential = fairly large Shrinkage, Radial = very small Shrinkage, Radial = moderate Shrinkage, Radial = fairly large Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = low Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = medium Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = high Hardness (side grain) = medium Density (dry weight) = over 75 lbs/cu. ft Density (dry weight) = 53-60 lbs/cu. ft Bending strength (MOR) = medium Numerical Data Item Green Dry English Bending Strength 15656 23004 psi Density 67 lbs/ft3 Hardness 1658 lbs Maximum Crushing Strength 6899 9945 psi Shearing Strength 1560 psi Stiffness 1916 2208 1000 psi Weight 66 51 lbs/ft3 Radial Shrinkage 3 % Tangential Shrinkage 9 % Item Green Dry Metric Bending Strength 1100 1617 kg/cm2 Density 1073 kg/m3 Hardness 752 kg Maximum Crushing Strength 485 699 kg/cm2 Shearing Strength 109 kg/cm2 Stiffness 134 155 1000 kg/cm2 Weight 1057 817 kg/m3 Radial Shrinkage 3 % References Amos, G.L.,1951,Some siliceous timbers of British Guiana,Caribbean Forester (3; 4) 133-7, 139-40. Bena, P.,1960,Essences Forestieres de Guyane,Bureau Agricole et Forestier Guyanais Guyana Brazil -, I.B.D.F.,1980,Woods from Tucurui - characteristics and application,The Ag. Ministry Brazilian Institute for Forest Development Erfurth, T., Rusche, H.,1976,The Marketing of Tropical Wood B. Wood Species from S. American Tropical,Moist Forests,F.A.O. Forestry Department Fanshawe, D.B.,1954,Forest Products of British Guiana Part 1 Principal Timbers,Forest Department British Guiana Forestry Bulletin (New Series 2nd,Edition,No.1 Record, S.J., Mell, C.D.,1924,Timbers of Tropical America,Yale Univ. Press Takahashi, A.,1975,Compilation of data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign Woods (Part 2,Central and South America,Shimane University, Japan, Research Report on Foreign Wood No.4 Vink, A.T.,1965,Surinam Timbers,Surinam Forest Service Paramaribo,3rd rev. ed.