Clicking any heading in the main data area (at right) will scroll the page back to this top position. Use the following links to jump to the associated section in the main data. Blunting Effect Boring Carving Comments Common Names Common Uses Countries of Distribution Cutting Resistance Distribution Overview Drying Defects Ease of Drying Environmental Profile Family Name Grain Heartwood Color Kiln Schedules Mortising Moulding Movement in Service Nailing Natural Durability Numerical Data Odor Planing Product Sources References Regions of Distribution Resistance to Impregnation Response to Hand Tools Routing & Recessing Sapwood Color Scientific Name Texture Trade Name Tree Size Turning		Scientific Name Dialium patens Trade Name Keranji Family Name Leguminosae Common Names Kerandji, Keranji, Khleng, Kralanh, Xoay Regions of Distribution Oceania and S.E. Asia Countries of Distribution  [VIEW MAP] Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines Common Uses Building construction, Building materials, Cabin construction, Construction, Domestic flooring, Excelsior, Factory construction, Factory flooring, Flooring, Handles, Heavy construction, Joinery, Mine timbers, Parquet flooring, Pile-driver cushions, Piling, Poles, Shafts/Handles, Sub-flooring, Tool handles, Truck bodies, Utility poles, Vehicle parts Environmental Profile Abundant/Secure Status has not been officially assessed Distribution Overview Malay Peninsula, with a growth range that extends into Indonesia, Sabah and Sarawak. They are usually found on hills and flatlands. Heartwood Color Brown White Purple Red Turn reddish brown upon exposure Sapwood Color Brown White Darkens after exposure Clearly differentiated from the heartwood 1.5 to 3 inches (3.8 to 7.6 cm) in width Grain Closed Interlocked Wavy Figure Rippled (figure) Rippled figure May be wavy or curly Interlocked Ripple marks are prominent on flat-sawn surfaces, and quartersawn surfaces often exhibit a ribbon figure Texture Coarse Even or uniform Uniform Medium Moderately fine Natural Durability Perishable Non-resistant to powder post beetles Non-durable The heartwood is only moderately durable in contact with the ground in the tropics, but it is durable elsewhere. The sapwood is susceptible to attack by powder-post beetle Odor No specific smell or taste Kiln Schedules T6 - D2 (4/4) US/T6 - D2 (4/4) US Drying Defects Distortion Checking Splitting The material may split and check during drying and should be seasoned carefully Ease of Drying Little degrade Radial and tangential shrinkage from 4-7% May split while drying Tree Size Bole length is 20-30 m Tree height is 30-40 m Stems are often of poor form, and are clear to about 55 feet (16 m) Product Sources Species in the Dialium genus are reported to produce timber with very similar charateristics, and are mixed and marketed together under the trade name of Kerandji. Comments The timber has high resistance to shock Timber has high resistance to shock Blunting Effect The timber is reported to blunt cutting edges rather rapidly. Boring Fairly easy to very easy Fair to good results Use very sharp cutting edges to prevent grain from tearing Carving Fairly Easy to Very Easy Cutting Resistance Easy to saw Cutting Resistance with dry wood is difficult Specially tipped saws are recommended. Mortising Fairly Easy to Very Easy Moulding Fairly Easy to Very Easy Movement in Service Stability is good Nailing Fair to Good Results Poor to Very Poor Results Planing Fair to Good Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Very Good to Excellent Results Planed surfaces are moderately smooth A 20 degree planing angle is recommended Resistance to Impregnation Permeable heartwood Permeable sapwood Resistant Response to Hand Tools Responds Readily Routing & Recessing Fairly Easy to Very Easy Turning Fairly Easy to Very Easy Fair to Good Results Good results Cutting Edges Tend to Blunt Numerical Data Item Green Dry English Bending Strength 20998 26656 psi Crushing Strength 2812 4367. psi Density 59 lbs/ft3 Impact Strength 62 inches Maximum Crushing Strength 11187 17930. psi Static Bending 13596 21198. psi Stiffness 2821 3335. 1000 psi Work to Maximum Load 18 inch-lbs/in3 Specific Gravity 0.72 Weight 74 58 lbs/ft3 Item Green Dry Metric Bending Strength 1476 1874 kg/cm2 Crushing Strength 197 307. kg/cm2 Density 945 kg/m3 Impact Strength 157 cm Maximum Crushing Strength 786 1260. kg/cm2 Static Bending 955 1490. kg/cm2 Stiffness 198 234. 1000 kg/cm2 Work to Maximum Load 1.26 cm-kg/cm3 Specific Gravity 0.72 References Chudnoff, M.,1984,Tropical Timbers of the World,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products,Laboratory, Madison. Desch, H. E. 1957. Manual of Malayan Timbers - Volume I. Malayan Forest Records, No. 15. Malaya Publishing House Ltd., Singapore. Desch, H. E. 1957. Manual of Malayan Timbers. Malayan Forest Records, 28(30):315-318. Malaya Publishing House Ltd., Singapore. Keating, W.G., Bolza, E.,1982,Characteristics properties and uses of timbers. South East Asia, Northern,Australia and the Pacific,C.S.I.R.O. Div. Chemical Technology,Inkata Press,1