Clicking any heading in the main data area (at right) will scroll the page back to this top position. Use the following links to jump to the associated section in the main data. Blunting Effect Boring Carving Comments Common Names Common Uses Countries of Distribution Cutting Resistance Drying Defects Ease of Drying Environmental Profile Family Name Grain Heartwood Color Kiln Schedules Luster Mortising Moulding Movement in Service Nailing Natural Durability Natural Growth Defects Numerical Data Planing Polishing References Regions of Distribution Resistance to Impregnation Response to Hand Tools Routing & Recessing Sapwood Color Scientific Name Screwing Silica Content Staining Strength Properties Texture Trade Name Tree Identification Tree Size Turning		Scientific Name Cordia millenii Trade Name African cordia Family Name Boraginaceae Common Names African cordia, Akaboa, Aliiba, Cordia, Cordia d'Afrique, Ebais, Ebe, Ketumba, Mujugangoma, Mukebu, Mukumari, Mungoma, Mutumba, Omah, Omo, Omon, Sumba, West African cordia Regions of Distribution Africa Countries of Distribution  [VIEW MAP] Ivory Coast, Kenya, Nigeria, Uganda Common Uses Boat building (general), Cabinetmaking, Canoes, Furniture, Joinery, Musical instruments: percussion, Veneer: decorative Environmental Profile Vulnerable Extinct Abundant/Secure Endangered Heartwood Color Brown Yellow Brown Yellow to golden-yellow to orange Pale brown Sapwood Color Paler than heartwood Grain Figure Interlocked Stripe (figure) Rays (figure) Interlocked Striped figure Rays figure Texture Fine Uniform Even or uniform Coarse Luster Lustrous Natural Growth Defects Brittleheart is often frequent and extensive Natural Durability Durable Resistant to termites Non-resistant to pinhole borers Susceptible to insect attack Durable Moderately durable Resistant to wood staining fungal attack Resistant to attack from termites (Isoptera) Resistant to attack from powder post (Lyctid & Bostrychid) beetles Silica Content High Siliceous Kiln Schedules UK=K US=T13C4S/T11D3S Drying (speed) is fast Dry at a slow speed Drying Defects Splitting Checking Distortion Slight twist/warp Slight spring/bow Ease of Drying Reconditioning Treatement Fairly Easy Easy Tree Identification Bole/stem form is cylindrical Bole/stem form is buttressed Tree Size Tree height is 30-40 m Comments General finishing qualities are rated as good Blunting Effect High to severe Blunting effect on machining is slight Boring Fairly difficult to very difficult Easy Carving Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Cutting Resistance Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult to saw Mortising Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Finishes satisfactorily Moulding Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Movement in Service Small Nailing Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Holds satisfactorily Easy to nail Planing Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Ease of planing is moderate Planes to a satisfactory finish Resistance to Impregnation Resistant sapwood Resistant heartwood Heartwood is resistant Response to Hand Tools Easy to machine Routing & Recessing Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Satisfactory routing results Screwing Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Turning Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Polishing Very Good to Excellent Results Good results Staining Finish is generally good Strength Properties Density (dry weight) = 23-30 lbs/cu. ft. Bending strength (MOR) = low Shrinkage, Tangential = very small Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = very low Max. crushing strength = medium Hardness (side grain) = very soft Shrinkage, Radial = very small Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = low Max. crushing strength = low Bending strength (MOR) = medium Shrinkage, Radial = small Numerical Data Item Green Dry English Bending Strength 6911 10833 psi Density 25 lbs/ft3 Hardness 319 lbs Maximum Crushing Strength 3324 5570 psi Shearing Strength 1560 psi Stiffness 1017 1199 1000 psi Weight 25 21 lbs/ft3 Radial Shrinkage 2 % Tangential Shrinkage 4 % Item Green Dry Metric Bending Strength 485 761 kg/cm2 Density 400 kg/m3 Hardness 144 kg Maximum Crushing Strength 233 391 kg/cm2 Shearing Strength 109 kg/cm2 Stiffness 71 84 1000 kg/cm2 Weight 400 336 kg/m3 Radial Shrinkage 2 % References Chudnoff, M.,1984,Tropical Timbers of the World,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products,Laboratory, Madison. Erfurth, T., Rusche, H.,1976,The Marketing of Tropical Wood A. Wood Species from African Moist Forests,F.A.O. Forestry Department Farmer, R.H.,1972,Handbook of Hardwoods,HMSO France - C.T.F.T.,1973,Investigations and Tests carried out on Tropical Timber by several,Research Laboratories,CTFT Tack, C.H.,1969,Uganda Timbers,Govt. Printer Uganda Takahashi, A.,1978,Compilation of Data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign Woods (Part,III) Africa,Shimane University, Japan, Research Report on Foreign Wood No. 7 Uganda Forest Department,1969,The Shrinkage of Some Ugandan Timbers,Uganda Forestry Department Timber Leaflet,No.47