Clicking any heading in the main data area (at right) will scroll the page back to this top position. Use the following links to jump to the associated section in the main data. Blunting Effect Comments Common Names Common Uses Countries of Distribution Cutting Resistance Drying Defects Ease of Drying Family Name Gluing Grain Heartwood Color Luster Nailing Natural Durability Numerical Data Planing Polishing References Regions of Distribution Resistance to Impregnation Response to Hand Tools Sapwood Color Scientific Name Strength Properties Synonyms Texture Trade Name Tree Size		Scientific Name Stereospermum chelonoides Trade Name Atcapali Family Name Bignoniaceae Synonyms Stereospermum suaveolens, Stereospermum tetragonum, Bignonia chelnoides Common Names Atcapali, Bolzel, Chota padar, Chota palang, Dharmara, Dunu madala, Kala goru, Kall-udi, Karingkura, Kariyam, Koosga, Kuring-kura, Lunu-madala, Moka yapa, Mukarti, Padar, Pader, Padri, Pamphunia, Parari, Pareya auwal, Pareya-auwal, Paroli, Parral, Pathiri, Pindri, Pisul, Pombathiri, Pomleathiri, Pompathorai, Pon-padri, Singwe thakutpo, Singyen, Sirpang, Tagada, Taitu, Thagu, Thande, Tsaingtsa, Vela-padri Regions of Distribution Oceania and S.E. Asia Countries of Distribution  [VIEW MAP] Bangladesh, Burma, India, Sri Lanka Common Uses Boat building (general), Boxes and crates, Cabinetmaking, Canoes, Charcoal, Flooring, Furniture, Heavy construction, Light construction, Mine timbers, Oars, Plywood, Railroad ties, Structural work, Tool handles, Turnery, Vehicle parts Heartwood Color Purple Red Brown Yellow to golden-yellow to orange Brown Greenish to greyish Sapwood Color White Yellow Same as heartwood Grain Even Straight Straight Texture Fine Medium Coarse Luster Lustrous Natural Durability Very durable Durable Resistant to termites Susceptible to insect attack Non-resistant to powder post beetles Resistant to powder post beetles Moderately durable Resistant to attack from termites (Isoptera) Non durable Durable Drying Defects Splitting Ease of Drying Difficult Tree Size Trunk diameter is 100-150 cm Tree height is 50-60 m Bole length is 30-40 m Bole length is 20-30 m Tree height is 40-50 m Sapwood width is 5-10 cm Sapwood width is 10-15 cm Tree height is 30-40 m Bole length is 10-20 m Tree height is 20-30 m Bole length is 0-10 m Comments General finishing qualities are rated as poor General finishing qualities are rated as satisfactory Blunting Effect Blunting effect on machining is fairly severe Cutting Resistance Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult to saw Cutting Resistance with green wood is easy Cutting Resistance with dry wood is easy Gluing Fairly Easy to Very Easy Nailing Fairly Easy to Very Easy Planing Fairly Easy to Very Easy Very Good to Excellent Results Fair to Good Results Resistance to Impregnation Resistant sapwood Resistant heartwood Response to Hand Tools Easy to Work Easy to machine Polishing Fair to Good Results Good results Strength Properties Density (dry weight) = 31-37 lbs/cu. ft. Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = very low Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = low Max. crushing strength = medium Hardness (side grain) = medium Density (dry weight) = 61-67 lbs/cu. ft Density (dry weight) = 53-60 lbs/cu. ft Density (dry weight) = 46-52 lbs/cu. ft. Density (dry weight) = 38-45 lbs/cu. ft. Bending strength (MOR) = medium Bending strength (MOR) = low Toughness-Hammer drop (Impact Strength) = medium Toughness-Hammer drop (Impact Strength) = low Toughness-Hammer drop (Impact Strength) = high Max. crushing strength = low Max. crushing strength = high Numerical Data Item Green Dry English Bending Strength 7711 12078 psi Density 44 lbs/ft3 Hardness 1658 lbs Impact Strength 40 inches Maximum Crushing Strength 4218 6664 psi Stiffness 1188 1383 1000 psi Weight 43 35 lbs/ft3 Item Green Dry Metric Bending Strength 542 849 kg/cm2 Density 705 kg/m3 Hardness 752 kg Impact Strength 101 cm Maximum Crushing Strength 296 468 kg/cm2 Stiffness 83 97 1000 kg/cm2 References Bourdillon, T.F.,1908,The Forest Trees of Travancore,Travancore Government Press Desch, H.E.,1954,Manual of Malayan Timbers (2 vols,Malayan Forest Records,no.15 Gamble, J.S.,1902,A Manual of Indian Timbers,Sampson Low, Marston & Co. London Nazma,1981,A handbook of Kerala Timbers,Kerala Forest Research Institute Research Report, No.9 Pearson, R.S., Brown, H.P.,1932,Commercial Timbers of India,Govt. Printer Calcutta,2 vols Tewari, M.C., Jain, J.C.,1980,Utilization of Secondary Species,Journal of the National Building Organization 25(2) pp1-6