Clicking any heading in the main data area (at right) will scroll the page back to this top position. Use the following links to jump to the associated section in the main data. Blunting Effect Boring Comments Common Names Common Uses Countries of Distribution Cutting Resistance Drying Defects Ease of Drying Family Name Grain Heartwood Color Nailing Natural Durability Numerical Data Planing References Regions of Distribution Sapwood Color Scientific Name Silica Content Strength Properties Texture Trade Name Tree Identification Tree Size		Scientific Name Parastemon urophyllus Trade Name Anggilas Family Name Chrysobalanaceae Common Names Anggilas, Kaju melas, Malas, Mandailas, Melas, Mendailes, Mengilas, Ngilas, Nyalas, Sempalawan Regions of Distribution Oceania and S.E. Asia Countries of Distribution  [VIEW MAP] Brunei, India, Indonesia, Malaysia Common Uses Agricultural implements, Boat building (general), Boat building: framing, Bridge construction, Carvings, Flooring: commercial heavy traffic, Fuelwood, Heavy construction, Light construction, Marine construction, Piling, Poles, Railroad ties, Sporting Goods, Turnery, Vehicle parts Heartwood Color Reddish brown Purple Brown Pale brown Sapwood Color White to yellow Different than heartwood Grain Straight Interlocked Even Figure Stripe (figure) Straight Interlocked Striped figure Figure shows patterns other than those generally described Texture Medium Fine Fine to medium Medium Medium to coarse Natural Durability Susceptible to insect attack Perishable Non-resistant to powder post beetles Non-resistant to termites Non-resistant to marine borers Non-durable Moderately resistant to marine borer attack Durable Pinworms (ambrosia beetles) often present in the standing tree Non durable Resistant to attack from powder post (Lyctid & Bostrychid) beetles Susceptible to marine borer attack Resistant to wood staining fungal attack Moderately durable Silica Content Severe Drying Defects No surface checking No end splitting Moderate twist/warp Slight surface checking Slight end splitting Ease of Drying Fairly Easy Easy Tree Identification Bole/stem form is buttressed Tree Size Tree height is 30-40 m Comments General finishing qualities are rated as good Blunting Effect Blunting effect on machining is moderate Blunting effect on sawing dry wood is severe Boring Easy Cutting Resistance Easy to saw Cutting Resistance with dry wood is difficult Cutting Resistance with green wood is difficult Nailing Difficult to nail Planing Fairly Easy to Very Easy Very Good to Excellent Results Fair to Good Results Planes well, to a good finish Easy to plane Difficult to plane Strength Properties Density (dry weight) = 67-75 lbs/cu.ft Density (dry weight) = 61-67 lbs/cu. ft Shrinkage, Radial = small Shrinkage, Tangential = small Shrinkage, Tangential = moderate Shrinkage, Tangential = fairly large Shrinkage, Radial = moderate Numerical Data Item Green Dry English Density 50 lbs/ft3 Weight 53 49 lbs/ft3 Radial Shrinkage 3 % Tangential Shrinkage 7 % Item Green Dry Metric Density 801 kg/m3 Weight 849 785 kg/m3 Radial Shrinkage 3 % References Browne, F.G.,1955,Forest Trees of Sarawak and Brunei and their Products.,Government Printing Office, Kuching, Sarawak Desch, H.E.,1954,Manual of Malayan Timbers (2 vols,Malayan Forest Records,no.15 Howard, A.L.,1948,A Manual of Timbers of the World.,Macmillan & Co. Ltd. London 3rd ed. Keating, W.G., Bolza, E.,1982,Characteristics properties and uses of timbers. South East Asia, Northern,Australia and the Pacific,C.S.I.R.O. Div. Chemical Technology,Inkata Press,1 Lee, Y.H., Lopez, D.T.,1968,The Machining Properties of some Malayan Timbers,Malayan Forester,3,pp194-210 Ramesh, Rao K., Purkayastha, S.K.,1972,Indian Woods - Their Identification Properties and Uses,Dehra Dun India,Vol. 3 Sarawak Forest Department,Trees and Timbers of Sarawak and Brunei,Forest Department Sarawak Leaflet No.31 Smythies, B.E.,1965,Common Sarawak Trees,Borneo Literature Bureau Thomas, A.V.,1939,Nyalas (Parastemon urophyllum,Malayan Forester 8 pp27-8 Whitmore, T.C.,1973,Tree Flora of Malaya A Manual for Foresters Volume 2,Forest Department Ministry of Primary Industries Malaysia