Clicking any heading in the main data area (at right) will scroll the page back to this top position. Use the following links to jump to the associated section in the main data. Comments Common Names Common Uses Countries of Distribution Cutting Resistance Drying Defects Ease of Drying Family Name Gluing Grain Heartwood Color Kiln Drying Rate Luster Mortising Moulding Nailing Natural Durability Numerical Data Planing Polishing References Regions of Distribution Resistance to Impregnation Response to Hand Tools Sanding Sapwood Color Scientific Name Screwing Strength Properties Synonyms Texture Toxicity Trade Name Tree Size Turning Veneering Qualities		Scientific Name Guilandina echinata Trade Name Bahia wood Family Name Leguminosae Synonyms Caesalpinia echinata Common Names Bahia wood, Bois de Bresil, Brasilete, Brasiletto, Brasilienholz, Brasillet de fernambouc, Brazil wood, Braziletto, Brazilwood, Bresil, Fernambucco, Fernambuco, Fernambuco wood, Fernambukholz, Ibirapitanga, Legno del Brasile, Legno di Santa Maria, Legno rosso, Orabuta, Palo Brasil, Palo de pernambuco, Pao Brasil, Para, Pau Brasil claro, Pau Brasil escuro, Pau Brazil, Pau rosado, Pau-pernambuco, Peachwood, Pernambucco, Pernambuco wood, Sapan, Verzino, Verzino del Brasile, Violin bow wood, Ymira piranga, Zapan Regions of Distribution Latin America Countries of Distribution  [VIEW MAP] Brazil, Colombia Common Uses Boat building: framing, Carvings, Chemical derivatives, Flooring, Furniture, Heavy construction, Joinery, Light construction, Mine timbers, Musical instruments, Musical instruments: strings, Railroad ties, Structural work, Turnery, Vehicle parts Heartwood Color White Yellow Orange Red Brown Yellow to golden-yellow to orange Sapwood Color White Yellow Red White to yellow Well defined Grain Straight Figure Interlocked Even Rippled (figure) Other (figure) Straight Interlocked Rippled figure Other figure Texture Coarse Medium Fine Medium Luster Medium High Lustrous Pronounced Natural Durability Non-durable Perishable Susceptible to insect attack Non-resistant to termites Non-resistant to marine borers Resistant to powder post beetles Very durable Susceptible to attack from powder post (Lyctid & Bostrychid) beetles Toxicity Unspecified toxicity Drying Defects Checking Slight twist/warp Slight surface checking Ease of Drying Rapidly Kiln Drying Rate Naturally dries quickly Tree Size Tree height is 30-40 m Trunk diameter is 100-150 cm Bole length is 20-30 m Tree height is 40-50 m Tree height is 20-30 m Bole length is 10-20 m Comments General finishing qualities are rated as good Cutting Resistance Easy to saw Gluing Fairly Easy to Very Easy Mortising Fairly Easy to Very Easy Moulding Fairly Easy to Very Easy Nailing Fairly Easy to Very Easy Planing Fairly Easy to Very Easy Very Good to Excellent Results Fair to Good Results Resistance to Impregnation Permeable heartwood Resistant heartwood Permeable sapwood Resistant sapwood Response to Hand Tools Easy to Work Easy to machine Moderate working qualities Difficult to machine Sanding Fairly Easy to Very Easy Screwing Fairly Easy to Very Easy Turning Easy to turn Veneering Qualities Suitable for peeling Veneers easily Suitable for slicing Veneers moderately easy Polishing Good results Strength Properties Shrinkage, Tangential = large Shrinkage, Radial = large Density (dry weight) = >75 lbs/cu. ft Density (dry weight) = 67-75 lbs/cu.ft Density (dry weight) = 61-67 lbs/cu. ft Shrinkage, Tangential = fairly large Shrinkage, Radial = fairly large Density (dry weight) = 53-60 lbs/cu. ft Numerical Data Item Green Dry English Density 59 lbs/ft3 Weight 58 53 lbs/ft3 Radial Shrinkage 6 % Tangential Shrinkage 9 % Item Green Dry Metric Density 945 kg/m3 Weight 929 849 kg/m3 Radial Shrinkage 6 % References Berni, C.A., Bolza, E., Christensen, F.J.,1979,South American Timbers - The Characteristics, Properties and Uses of 190,Species,C.S.I.R.O Div. Building Research Bolza, E.,1976,Timber and Health,Div. Building Res. C.S.I.R.O. Australia Brown, W.H.,1978,Timbers of the World, No. 2 South America,TRADA, Red Booklet Series Clifford, N.,1957,Timber Identification for the Builder and Architect,Leonard Hill (Books) LTD. London Fors, A.J.,1949,Maderas Industriales de Colombia,Caribbean Forester,10(3,pp161-96 Howard, A.L.,1948,A Manual of Timbers of the World.,Macmillan & Co. Ltd. London 3rd ed. Kribs, D.A.,1950,Commercial and Foreign Woods on the American Market (a manual to their,structure, identification, uses and distribution,U.S.A. Penn. State College, Tropical Woods Laboratory Mainieri, C.,1970,Madeiras Brasilieras,Sao Paulo Secretaria da Agricultra, Institulo Florestral Record, S.J., Hess, R.W.,1943,Timbers of the New World,Yale University Press Record, S.J., Mell, C.D.,1924,Timbers of Tropical America,Yale Univ. Press Rizzini, C.T.,1978,Arvores e Madeiras Uteis do Brasil: Manual de Dendrologia Brasileira,Editora Edgard Blucher LTDA Brazil Woods, R.P.,1949,Timbers of South America,TRADA, Red Booklet Series