Clicking any heading in the main data area (at right) will scroll the page back to this top position. Use the following links to jump to the associated section in the main data. Common Names Common Uses Countries of Distribution Cutting Resistance Family Name Grain Heartwood Color Luster Movement in Service Nailing Natural Durability Numerical Data Planing Polishing References Regions of Distribution Resistance to Impregnation Response to Hand Tools Sapwood Color Scientific Name Strength Properties Synonyms Texture Trade Name Tree Identification Tree Size		Scientific Name Ceriops tagal Trade Name Balobalarao Family Name Rhizophoraceae Synonyms Ceriops candolleana Common Names Balobalarao, Dungon, Magtongod, Mkandaa, Rungon, Sagasak, Spurred mangrove, Tagasa, Tangal, Tangal-lalake, Tengah, Tongod, Tongog, Tunggi, Tungog Regions of Distribution Africa, Oceania and S.E. Asia Countries of Distribution  [VIEW MAP] Australia, Indonesia, Madagascar, Malaysia, Philippines, Tanzania, Vanuatu Common Uses Boat building (general), Charcoal, Chemical derivatives, Decks, Flooring: commercial heavy traffic, Fuelwood, Furniture, Handles: general, Heavy construction, Joinery, Ladders, Marine construction, Millwork, Mine timbers, Piling, Poles, Posts, Railroad ties, Vats, Vehicle parts Heartwood Color Yellow White Orange Yellow to golden-yellow to orange Brown Pale brown Sapwood Color White to yellow Grain Straight Even Straight Texture Medium Fine Coarse Fine Luster Medium Natural Durability Resistant to attack from powder post (Lyctid & Bostrychid) beetles Moderately resistant to marine borer attack Moderately durable Tree Identification Bole/stem form is fluted Bole/stem form is buttressed Tree Size Tree height is 0-10 m Cutting Resistance Cutting Resistance with dry wood is difficult Movement in Service Stable Nailing Difficult to nail Planing Planes well, to a good finish Ease of planing is moderate Resistance to Impregnation Heartwood is extremely resistant Response to Hand Tools Easy to machine Polishing Satisfactory results Strength Properties Density (dry weight) = 67-75 lbs/cu.ft Density (dry weight) = 61-67 lbs/cu. ft Density (dry weight) = 53-60 lbs/cu. ft Numerical Data Item Green Dry English Density 51 lbs/ft3 Weight 50 49 lbs/ft3 Item Green Dry Metric Density 817 kg/m3 References Battiscombe, E.,1926,A Descriptive Catalogue of some of the Common Trees and Woody Plants of,Kenya Colony,Crown Agents for the Colonies London Brenan, J.P.M., Greenway, P.J.,1949,Check-lists of the Forest Trees and Shrubs of the British Empire,Imperial Forestry Institute, Oxford No.5 Tanganyika Territories Part 2 Grant, D.K.S.,1934,Some Local Timbers,Tanzania Forest Department Keating, W.G., Bolza, E.,1982,Characteristics properties and uses of timbers. South East Asia, Northern,Australia and the Pacific,C.S.I.R.O. Div. Chemical Technology,Inkata Press,1 Ng, F.S.P. (Ed,1989,Tree Flora of Malaya A Manual for Foresters Volume 4,Forest Research Institute Malaysia Ministry of Primary Industries Reyes, L.J.,1938,Philippine Woods,Commonwealth of the Philippines Department of Agriculture and Commerce,Technical Bulletin,No.7