Clicking any heading in the main data area (at right) will scroll the page back to this top position. Use the following links to jump to the associated section in the main data. Blunting Effect Common Names Common Uses Countries of Distribution Ease of Drying Family Name Gluing Grain Heartwood Color Kiln Schedules Luster Natural Durability Numerical Data Planing Polishing References Regions of Distribution Resistance to Impregnation Resistance to Splitting Response to Hand Tools Sapwood Color Scientific Name Strength Properties Synonyms Texture Trade Name Tree Identification Tree Size Turning		Scientific Name Blighia unijugata Trade Name Aklo kida Family Name Sapindaceae Synonyms Phialodiscus unijugatus, Phialodiscus zambesiacus, Blighia zambesiaca Common Names Aklo kida, Akye, Akyebiri, Akyefufu, Akyetabon, Akyewa, Ankyebiri, Ankyewa, Awole, Buba, Dimuma buba, Dimuma kalemba, Dumuma dia mpata, Edwendwena, Etedua, Ishin oko, Kaasi, Muhohote, Muikuni, Mukuzadhyana, Musandikira, Mwatebale, Nkuzanyana, Ojawala, Ukpe, Ukpe nehwi, Ukpe nofua, Usinogbigbbo, Yokomi Regions of Distribution Africa Countries of Distribution  [VIEW MAP] Ghana, Nigeria, Uganda Common Uses Agricultural implements, Boat building (general), Boxes and crates, Flooring, Fuelwood, Furniture, Heavy construction, Joinery, Light construction, Mine timbers, Plywood, Posts, Pulp/Paper products, Turnery Heartwood Color Yellow Brown Orange Green/grey Pale brown Sapwood Color White Yellow White to yellow Grain Even Straight Straight Texture Fine Coarse Medium Medium to coarse Fine Fine to medium Luster Medium Natural Durability Perishable Non-durable Non durable Durable Susceptible to attack from powder post (Lyctid & Bostrychid) beetles Perishable Kiln Schedules UK=B US=T2C2/T2C1 Fr=2 Dry at a slow speed Ease of Drying Moderately Difficult to Difficult Easy Tree Identification Bole/stem form is not buttressed Bole/stem form is buttressed Tree Size Tree height is 10-20 m Tree height is 20-30 m Tree height is 30-40 m Trunk diameter is 100-150 cm Trunk diameter is 150-200 cm Blunting Effect Blunting effect on machining is fairly severe Gluing Gluing is often difficult Planing Fairly Easy to Very Easy Resistance to Impregnation Sapwood is permeable Heartwood is permeable Heartwood is moderately resistant Resistance to Splitting Poor Response to Hand Tools Fairly Difficult to Difficult to Work Easy to Work Moderate working qualities Easy to machine Turning Good results Easy to turn Polishing Fair to Good Results Very Good to Excellent Results Strength Properties Density (dry weight) = 38-45 lbs/cu. ft. Max. crushing strength = medium Shrinkage, Radial = large Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = medium Density (dry weight) = 31-37 lbs/cu. ft. Toughness-Hammer drop (Impact Strength) = very low Toughness-Hammer drop (Impact Strength) = medium Toughness-Hammer drop (Impact Strength) = low Shrinkage, Tangential = large Shrinkage, Tangential = fairly large Shrinkage, Radial = fairly large Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = very high Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = low Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = very low Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = low Max. crushing strength = low Hardness (side grain) = soft Hardness (side grain) = medium Bending strength (MOR) = very low Bending strength (MOR) = medium Bending strength (MOR) = low Numerical Data Item Green Dry English Bending Strength 6810 10586 psi Density 37 lbs/ft3 Hardness 1326 lbs Impact Strength 27 inches Maximum Crushing Strength 3472 5777 psi Shearing Strength 2288 psi Stiffness 1188 1383 1000 psi Weight 36 29 lbs/ft3 Radial Shrinkage 6 % Tangential Shrinkage 9 % Item Green Dry Metric Bending Strength 478 744 kg/cm2 Density 592 kg/m3 Hardness 601 kg Impact Strength 68 cm Maximum Crushing Strength 244 406 kg/cm2 Shearing Strength 160 kg/cm2 Stiffness 83 97 1000 kg/cm2 Weight 576 464 kg/m3 Radial Shrinkage 6 % References Bolza, E., Keating, W.G.,1972,African Timbers - the Properties, Uses and Characteristics of 700 Species,C.S.I.R.O. Div. of Building Research Eggeling, W.J.,1940,Indigenous Trees of Uganda,Govt. Printer Entebbe Uganda Irvine, F.R.,1961,Woody Plants of Ghana,O.U.P. London Keay, R.W.J.,1964,Nigerian Trees Vol.2,Nigeria Federal Department of Forest Research, Ibadan Kennedy, J.D.,1936,Forest Flora of Southern Nigeria,Government Printer Lagos Lebacq, L., Dechamps, R.,1967,Contribution a un Inventaire de Forets du Nord-kasai,Musee Royal de L'Afrique Centrale Belgium Annals Series 8 No.5 Tack, C.H.,1969,Uganda Timbers,Govt. Printer Uganda Takahashi, A.,1978,Compilation of Data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign Woods (Part,III) Africa,Shimane University, Japan, Research Report on Foreign Wood No. 7 Taylor, C.J.,1960,Synecology and Silviculture in Ghana,University College of Ghana Thomas Nelson and Sons Unwin, A.H.,1920,West African Forests and Forestry,T. Fisher Unwin Ltd. London White, F.,1962,Forest Flora of Northern Rhodesia,O.U.P. London