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Boring Comments Common Names Common Uses Countries of Distribution Cutting Resistance Drying Defects Ease of Drying Family Name Gluing Grain Heartwood Color Kiln Drying Rate Kiln Schedules Mortising Moulding Movement in Service Nailing Natural Durability Numerical Data Planing Polishing References Regions of Distribution Resistance to Impregnation Response to Hand Tools Sapwood Color Scientific Name Screwing Strength Properties Synonyms Texture Trade Name Tree Identification Tree Size Turning		Scientific Name Adina microcephala Trade Name Adina Family Name Rubiaceae Synonyms Breonadia microcephala Common Names Adina, African teak, Matoemie, Matumi, Mdogowe, Mgwina, Mingerhout, Mugonha, Mugunya, Mulamandia, Muonha, Muonya, Muwana, Muwona, Mwenya, Redwood, Sohihy, Transvaal teak, Watermatoemie, Wild oleander, Yombe Regions of Distribution Africa Countries of Distribution  [VIEW MAP] Kenya, Madagascar, Mozambique, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe Common Uses Agricultural implements, Bearings & bushings, Boat building (general), Bridge construction, Cabinetmaking, Canoes, Carvings, Flooring, Flooring: commercial heavy traffic, Flooring: industrial heavy traffic, Furniture, Heavy construction, Joinery, Light construction, Lock gates, Marine construction, Mine timbers, Piling, Posts, Railroad ties, Sporting Goods, Toys, Turnery Heartwood Color Black Brown Purple Yellow to golden-yellow to orange Brown Pale red to pink Pale brown Black Sapwood Color Pinkish Same as heartwood Grain Figure Other (figure) Straight Even Mottled (figure) Distinct (figure) Other figure Straight Mottled figure Distinct and very fine figure Texture Medium Fine Natural Durability Perishable Non-durable Non-resistant to powder post beetles Susceptible to insect attack Resistant to attack from termites (Isoptera) Very durable Durable Resistant to attack from powder post (Lyctid & Bostrychid) beetles Resistant to attack from marine borers Kiln Schedules Dry at a slow speed Kiln Drying Rate (in days) is slow UK=C US=T3C2/T3C1 Fr=3 Drying Defects Distortion Splitting Checking Moderate surface checking Slight twist/warp Moderate end spitting Ease of Drying Slowly Moderate Easy Kiln Drying Rate Naturally dries slowly Drying rate is fairly rapid to fast Slow (18-28 days for boards < 32 mm, to 52-84 days for boards >= 63 mm) Tree Identification Bole/stem form is straight Tree Size Tree height is 30-40 m Bole length is 20-30 m Bark width is 20-25 mm Bole length is 10-20 m Bark width is 15-20 mm Tree height is 20-30 m Bark width is 10-15 mm Tree height is 40-50 m Comments General finishing qualities are rated as good Boring Fairly easy to very easy Cutting Resistance Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult to saw Moderate to saw Cutting Resistance with dry wood is easy Cutting Resistance with green wood is easy Cutting Resistance with green wood is difficult Gluing Gluing is often difficult Mortising Fair to Good Results Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Fairly Easy to Very Easy Moulding Fair to Good Results Very Good to Excellent Results Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Fairly Easy to Very Easy Movement in Service Unstable with Poor Stability - Large Movement Stable Nailing Very Good to Excellent Results Fair to Good Results Holds nails well Planing Fair to Good Results Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Fairly Easy to Very Easy Ease of planing is moderate Planes well, to a good finish Easy to plane Resistance to Impregnation Permeable sapwood Resistant heartwood Resistant sapwood Response to Hand Tools Easy to Work Moderate working qualities Screwing Screwing yields good results Turning Good results Easy to turn Polishing Very Good to Excellent Results Fair to Good Results Good results Strength Properties Density (dry weight) = 53-60 lbs/cu. ft Bending strength (MOR) = medium Shrinkage, Radial = small Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = medium Density (dry weight) = 61-67 lbs/cu. ft Shrinkage, Tangential = small Shrinkage, Radial = very small Max. crushing strength = low Shrinkage, Tangential = very small Shrinkage, Tangential = moderate Shrinkage, Tangential = fairly large Max. crushing strength = medium Density (dry weight) = 46-52 lbs/cu. ft. Hardness (side grain) = medium Bending strength (MOR) = high Numerical Data Item Green Dry English Bending Strength 10021 15630 psi Density 55 lbs/ft3 Hardness 1658 lbs Maximum Crushing Strength 6899 9945 psi Shearing Strength 1818 psi Stiffness 1665 1923 1000 psi Weight 54 44 lbs/ft3 Radial Shrinkage 3 % Tangential Shrinkage 6 % Item Green Dry Metric Bending Strength 704 1098 kg/cm2 Density 881 kg/m3 Hardness 752 kg Maximum Crushing Strength 485 699 kg/cm2 Shearing Strength 127 kg/cm2 Stiffness 117 135 1000 kg/cm2 Weight 865 705 kg/m3 Radial Shrinkage 3 % References Banks, C.H. and J.P. Schoeman. 1963. Railway Sleeper and Crossing Timbers. Bulletin No. 41, Republic of South Africa. The Government Printer, Pretoria, South Africa. Banks, C.H., Schoeman, J.P., Otto, K.P.,1977,The Mechanical Properties of Timbers with particular reference to South,Africa,South African Forestry Research Institute Bulletin,(Ed.,Schoeman, J.P. 1973 & Otto K.P. 1976,No.48 Bolza, E., Keating, W.G.,1972,African Timbers - the Properties, Uses and Characteristics of 700 Species,C.S.I.R.O. Div. of Building Research Gueneau, P., Gueneau, D.,1969,Proprietes Physiques et Mecaniques des Bois Malagaches,CTFT Madagascar Palgrave, K.C.,1977,Trees of Southern Africa,Cape Town South Africa Pardy, A.A.,1955,Notes on Indigenous Trees and Shrubs of S. Rhodesia - Adina microcephala,Ministry of Agriculture and Lands S. Rhodesia Bulletin No.1812 Scott, M.H.,1950,Notes on the more Important African Timbers Imported into the Union with,Special Ref. to Port. E.A. Species,Journal of the South African Forestry Association,No.19,pp18-62,[South,African Forestry Journal] Scott, M.H.,1953,Utilisation Notes on South African Timbers,South African Forestry Department Bulletin No.36 Takahashi, A.,1978,Compilation of Data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign Woods (Part,III) Africa,Shimane University, Japan, Research Report on Foreign Wood No. 7 Tanzania Forest Division,1966,Kiln Drying Schedules for Tanzania Timbers Technical Note no.38,Tanzania Forest Div. Util. Sec. Moshi Tanzania Forestry Department,1966,Timbers of Tanganyika - Adina microcephala (mgwina, mdogowe,Tanzanian Forestry Department Utilisation Section, Moshi - Timbers of,Tanganyika Zambia Forest Department,1979,Timbers of Zambia Adina microcephala and Amblygonocarpus andongensis,Zambia Forest Department, Division of Forest Products Research, Timbers of,Zambia Technical Note no.5/79