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Blunting Effect Common Names Common Uses Countries of Distribution Drying Defects Ease of Drying Family Name Gluing Grain Heartwood Color Kiln Drying Rate Kiln Schedules Nailing Natural Durability Numerical Data Painting Planing References Regions of Distribution Resistance to Impregnation Response to Hand Tools Sapwood Color Scientific Name Staining Strength Properties Synonyms Texture Trade Name Tree Identification Tree Size Varnishing Veneering Qualities		Scientific Name Araucaria araucana Trade Name Araucaria Family Name Araucariaceae Synonyms Araucaria imbricata Common Names Araucaria, Chile pine, Chilean pine, Monkey puzzle tree, Pehuen, Pilon, Pino araucaria Regions of Distribution Latin America Countries of Distribution  [VIEW MAP] Argentina, Chile Common Uses Boxes and crates, Cabinetmaking, Flooring, Food containers, Fuelwood, Furniture, Joinery, Light construction, Matches, Particleboard, Plywood, Pulp/Paper products, Veneer Heartwood Color Yellow Orange Brown Green/grey Red Yellow to golden-yellow to orange Pale brown Greenish to greyish Sapwood Color Red Yellow Same as heartwood Grain Straight Even Figure Stripe (figure) Straight Striped figure Texture Fine Medium Fine Medium Natural Durability Non-durable Perishable Susceptible to insect attack Resistant to powder post beetles Non durable Resistant to attack from powder post (Lyctid & Bostrychid) beetles Kiln Schedules Drying (speed) is fast Dry at a slow speed UK=J US=T10D5S/T8D4S Fr=4 Drying Defects Splitting Checking Slight surface checking Slight end splitting Ease of Drying Moderately Difficult to Difficult Fairly Easy Rapidly Slowly Moderate Difficult Kiln Drying Rate Naturally dries quickly Naturally dries slowly Tree Identification Bole/stem form is cylindrical Bole/stem form is straight Tree Size Tree height is 30-40 m Trunk diameter is 150-200 cm Trunk diameter is 100-150 cm Tree height is 20-30 m Tree height is 40-50 m Bole length is 10-20 m Tree height is 10-20 m Bole length is 20-30 m Blunting Effect Little Blunting effect on machining is slight Gluing Fairly Easy to Very Easy Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Fair to Good Results Moderate gluing properties Easy to glue Nailing Fairly Easy to Very Easy Fair to Good Results Easy to nail Holds satisfactorily Planing Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Fairly Easy to Very Easy Ease of planing is moderate Resistance to Impregnation Permeable sapwood Resistant heartwood Resistant sapwood Sapwood is permeable Heartwood is moderately resistant Response to Hand Tools Easy to Work Fairly Difficult to Difficult to Work Easy to machine Moderate working qualities Veneering Qualities Suitable for peeling Veneers easily Suitable for slicing Veneers moderately easy No drying degrade Easy to cut Suitable for slicing Suitable for peeling No drying degrade. Dries flat without splitting Good gluing qualities Painting Fair to Good Results Very Good to Excellent Results Good results Satisfactory results Staining Poor to Very Poor Results Poor results Varnishing Fair to Good Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Very Good to Excellent Results Good results Satisfactory Strength Properties Density (dry weight) = 31-37 lbs/cu. ft. Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = very low Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = low Max. crushing strength = medium Bending strength (MOR) = low Shrinkage, Tangential = fairly large Shrinkage, Radial = moderate Shrinkage, Radial = fairly large Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = low Hardness (side grain) = very soft Density (dry weight) = 38-45 lbs/cu. ft. Shrinkage, Tangential = small Shrinkage, Tangential = moderate Shrinkage, Tangential = large Shrinkage, Radial = large Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = very low Density (dry weight) = 23-30 lbs/cu. ft. Density (dry weight) = 15-22 lbs/cu. ft. Numerical Data Item Green Dry English Bending Strength 6111 9589 psi Density 31 lbs/ft3 Hardness 319 lbs Maximum Crushing Strength 3916 6397 psi Shearing Strength 1334 psi Stiffness 1188 1383 1000 psi Weight 30 25 lbs/ft3 Radial Shrinkage 5 % Tangential Shrinkage 8 % Item Green Dry Metric Bending Strength 429 674 kg/cm2 Density 496 kg/m3 Hardness 144 kg Maximum Crushing Strength 275 449 kg/cm2 Shearing Strength 93 kg/cm2 Stiffness 83 97 1000 kg/cm2 Weight 480 400 kg/m3 Radial Shrinkage 5 % References Berni, C.A., Bolza, E., Christensen, F.J.,1979,South American Timbers - The Characteristics, Properties and Uses of 190,Species,C.S.I.R.O Div. Building Research Brown, W.H.,1978,Timbers of the World, No. 2 South America,TRADA, Red Booklet Series Dallimore, W. and Jackson, A. Bruce,1966,A Handbook of Coniferae and Ginkgoaceae Fourth Ed. Revised by S.G.,Harrison,Edward Arnold (Publishers) Ltd. London Forest Products Research Laboratory U.K.,1957,A Handbook of Softwoods,Department of Scientific and Industrial Research Forest Products Research,HMSO Howard, A.L.,1948,A Manual of Timbers of the World.,Macmillan & Co. Ltd. London 3rd ed. I.U.F.R.O.,1973,Veneer Species of the World,Assembled at F.P.L. Madison on behalf of I.U.F.R.O. Working Party on,Slicing and Veneer Cutting Record, S.J., Hess, R.W.,1943,Timbers of the New World,Yale University Press Takahashi, A.,1975,Compilation of data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign Woods (Part 2,Central and South America,Shimane University, Japan, Research Report on Foreign Wood No.4 United Kingdom - H.M.S.O.,1954,Report of the Matchwood Working Party,H.M.S.O. for the Board of Trade and Ministry of Materials