Clicking any heading in the main data area (at right) will scroll the page back to this top position. Use the following links to jump to the associated section in the main data. Blunting Effect Boring Carving Comments Common Names Common Uses Countries of Distribution Cutting Resistance Distribution Overview Drying Defects Ease of Drying Environmental Profile Family Name Gluing Grain Heartwood Color Kiln Schedules Luster Mortising Moulding Nailing Natural Durability Natural Growth Defects Numerical Data Odor Painting Planing Polishing Product Sources References Regions of Distribution Resistance to Impregnation Response to Hand Tools Routing & Recessing Sanding Sapwood Color Scientific Name Staining Strength Properties Substitutes Texture Trade Name Tree Size Turning		Scientific Name Vochysia lehmanni Trade Name Quaruba Family Name Vochysiaceae Common Names Barbara chele, Bella maria, Cambara, Canelito, Chimbulla, Corosillo, Dormilon, Goma amarilla, Gomo, Iteballi, Kouali, Kwari, Laguno, Mayo, Palo de chancho, Plumero, Quaruba, Quarubatinga, Quillo, Quillosisa, San Juan de pozo, Sorog Regions of Distribution Central America, Latin America Countries of Distribution  [VIEW MAP] Brazil, Mexico, Peru, Venezuela Common Uses Boat building, Boxes and crates, Canoes, Casks, Chairs, Chests, Concealed parts (Furniture), Decorative plywood, Decorative veneer, Desks, Dining-room furniture, Dowell pins, Dowells, Drawer sides, Figured veneer, Fine furniture, Floor lamps, Furniture , Furniture components, Furniture squares or stock, General carpentry, Hatracks, Interior trim, Kitchen cabinets, Lifeboats, Living-room suites, Moldings, Office furniture, Packing cases, Paneling , Plywood, Radio - stereo - TV cabinets, Rustic furniture, Shipbuilding, Stools, Tables , Utility furniture, Veneer, Wainscotting, Wardrobes Environmental Profile Status has not been officially assessed Distribution Overview Several species in the genus Vochysia are distributed throughout tropical America, from southern Mexico to Peru, and are most abundant in the Guianas and Brazil. They are reported to form nearly pure stands on abandoned farmlands, and attain their best development on coastal plains and along waterways. Heartwood Color Brown Yellow Orange Pale red to pink Dark brown Sapwood Color White to yellow Color not distinct from heartwood Grain Even Interlocked Straight Straight Interlocked May be suitable for the manufacture of less expensive grade furniture Texture Coarse Moderately coarse Luster Low Lustrous Golden luster Natural Growth Defects Vertical gum ducts are seen as a defect in some applications Natural Durability Perishable Moderately durable Susceptible to attack by fungi and termites Heartwood resistant to decay Odor No specific smell or taste Kiln Schedules T2 - D4 (4/4); T2 - D3 (8/4) US Schedule A (4/4) United Kingdom/T2 - D4 (4/4); T2 - D3 (8/4) US Schedule A (4/4) United Kingdom Drying Defects Checking Distortion Severe twisting/warping Severe cupping Ease of Drying Reconditioning Treatement Fairly Easy Dries slowly Dries at a fairly rapid rate Quartersawn material is less prone to degrade during drying Tree Size Tree height is 0-10 m Tree height is 10-20 m Product Sources The ITTO reports that the species is an important source of timber and rates as a fairly important export. Vochysia timbers are used for the same purposes as those produced by the genus Qualea, and the two genera are often referred to by the same vernacular name in some areas. Substitutes Spanish cedar Comments Easier to work, and can be used for utility plywood, drawer bottoms, and panels Blunting Effect Slight effect Medium effect Boring Fairly easy to very easy Satisfactory properties Carving Fairly Easy to Very Easy Good results Cutting Resistance Easy to saw Gluing Good properties Mortising Fairly Easy to Very Easy Good mortising properties Moulding Fairly Easy to Very Easy Good moulding properties Nailing Holds nails well Easy to nail Planing Fair to Good Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Woolly Irregular grain interferes Easy to plane Responds well to hand and machine tools Resistance to Impregnation Preservative absorption and retention is more than adequate in both heartwood and sapwood Response to Hand Tools Responds Readily Easy to Work Works readily with handtools Routing & Recessing Fairly Easy to Very Easy Routing is easy Responds well to routing operations Sanding Good sanding finish Turning Fairly Easy to Very Easy Good results Painting Responds well to painting Polishing Good results Staining Stains well Water-Based stains should be avoided since they tend to raise the grain Strength Properties The bending strength of air-dried wood of the species is similar to that of Teak, which is considered to be strong. Compression strength parallel to grain, or maximum crushing strength, is medium. It is lower in this property than Teak. The wood is soft, and surfaces may dent easily. It also does not wear well, and mars easily. The weight is about average. The wood is high in density. Numerical Data Item Green Dry English Bending Strength 6086 10821 psi Density 30 lbs/ft3 Hardness 593 lbs Maximum Crushing Strength 2822 5846 psi Shearing Strength 1509 psi Stiffness 1210 1435 1000 psi Toughness 95 inch-lbs Work to Maximum Load 10 13 inch-lbs/in3 Specific Gravity 0.46 0.52 Weight 48 30 lbs/ft3 Radial Shrinkage 3 % Tangential Shrinkage 10 % Volumetric Shrinkage 13 % Item Green Dry Metric Bending Strength 427 760 kg/cm2 Density 480 kg/m3 Hardness 268 kg Maximum Crushing Strength 198 411 kg/cm2 Shearing Strength 106 kg/cm2 Stiffness 85 100 1000 kg/cm2 Toughness 109 cm-kg Work to Maximum Load 0.70 0.91 cm-kg/cm3 Specific Gravity 0.46 0.52 Weight 769 480 kg/m3 Radial Shrinkage 3 % Tangential Shrinkage 10 % References Boone, R.S., C.J. Kozlik, P.J. Bois, E.M. Wengert. 1988. Dry Kiln Schedules for Commercial Woods - Temperate and Tropical. USDA., Forest Service, Preliminary Copy, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin. Chudnoff, M.,1984,Tropical Timbers of the World,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products,Laboratory, Madison. HMSO. 1981. Handbook of Hardwoods, 2nd Edition. Revised by R. H. Farmer. Department of the Environment, Building Research Establishment, Princes Risborough Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire. ITTO. 1991. Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America. Association Internationale Technique des Bois Tropicaux, Centre Technique Forestier Tropical Division of CIRAD, 45 bis, Avenue de la Belle Gabrielle, Nogent-sur-marne, CEDEX, France Lavers, G.M. 1966. The Strength Properties of Timbers. Forest Products Research Bulletin, No. 50. Ministry of Technology, Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London. Record, S.J. and R.W. Hess. 1943. Timbers of the New World. Published on the Charles Lathrop Pack Foundation, Yale University Press, New Haven CT.