Clicking any heading in the main data area (at right) will scroll the page back to this top position. Use the following links to jump to the associated section in the main data. Blunting Effect Boring Common Names Common Uses Countries of Distribution Cutting Resistance Drying Defects Ease of Drying Family Name Gluing Grain Heartwood Color Kiln Drying Rate Kiln Schedules Luster Mortising Moulding Natural Durability Numerical Data Planing Polishing References Regions of Distribution Response to Hand Tools Sanding Sapwood Color Scientific Name Strength Properties Synonyms Texture Trade Name Tree Size Turning		Scientific Name Vatica stapfiana Trade Name Landak Family Name Dipterocarpaceae Synonyms Pachynocarpus grandiflorus, Pachynocarpus stapfianus Common Names Landak, Oak resak, Resak, Resak laru, Resak mempening, Resak menapening, Resak oak, Sak Regions of Distribution Oceania and S.E. Asia Countries of Distribution  [VIEW MAP] Cambodia, Malaysia, Thailand Common Uses Heavy construction, Light construction, Marine construction, Poles Heartwood Color Brown Red Black Green/grey Reddish brown Yellow to golden-yellow to orange Pale brown Brown Sapwood Color Green/Grey Red Brown Well defined Paler than heartwood Grain Distinct (figure) Figure Interlocked Even Straight Distinct figure Interlocked Straight Texture Fine Fine Luster Low Dull brown to gray brown Natural Durability Very durable Durable Resistant to termites Resistant to marine borers Moderately durable Durable Susceptible to attack from powder post (Lyctid & Bostrychid) beetles Resistant to attack from pinworms (ambrosia beetles) Moderately durable Kiln Schedules Dry at a slow speed Drying Defects Distortion Moderate surface checking Ease of Drying Slowly Kiln Drying Rate Naturally dries slowly Tree Size Tree height is 20-30 m Tree height is 10-20 m Tree height is 0-10 m Blunting Effect Blunting effect on machining is fairly severe Boring Fairly easy to very easy Easy Cutting Resistance Easy to saw Cutting Resistance with green wood is difficult Cutting Resistance with dry wood is difficult Gluing Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Mortising Very Good to Excellent Results Fair to Good Results Moulding Very Good to Excellent Results Fair to Good Results Planing Poor to Very Poor Results Planes well, to a good finish Ease of planing is moderate Response to Hand Tools Easy to Work Easy to machine Difficult to machine Sanding Fair to Good Results Turning Fair to Good Results Very Good to Excellent Results Polishing Very Good to Excellent Results Fair to Good Results Satisfactory results Strength Properties Density (dry weight) = 46-52 lbs/cu. ft. Density (dry weight) = 38-45 lbs/cu. ft. Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = high Density (dry weight) = 53-60 lbs/cu. ft Density (dry weight) = 31-37 lbs/cu. ft. Crushing strength = high Toughness-Hammer drop (Impact Strength) = low Shrinkage, Tangential = large Shrinkage, Radial = fairly large Hardness (side grain) = medium Bending strength (MOR) = medium Bending strength (MOR) = high Numerical Data Item Green Dry English Bending Strength 11442 17761 psi Density 45 lbs/ft3 Hardness 1658 lbs Impact Strength 28 inches Maximum Crushing Strength 6899 9945 psi Shearing Strength 2205 psi Stiffness 2167 2494 1000 psi Weight 44 35 lbs/ft3 Radial Shrinkage 5 % Tangential Shrinkage 10 % Item Green Dry Metric Bending Strength 804 1248 kg/cm2 Density 721 kg/m3 Hardness 752 kg Impact Strength 71 cm Maximum Crushing Strength 485 699 kg/cm2 Shearing Strength 155 kg/cm2 Stiffness 152 175 1000 kg/cm2 Weight 705 560 kg/m3 Radial Shrinkage 5 % References Brehme, K., et al,1964,Timbers of Ethiopia No.3 White Pear,Forestry Research Inst. Haile Sellassie Univ. Addis Ababa Brown, W.H.,1978,Timbers of the World, No. 4 South East Asia,TRADA, Red Booklet Series Chowdhury, K.A., Ghosh, S.S.,1958,Indian Woods: Their identification, properties and uses Vol. I,Dilleruaceae to Elaeocarpaceae,Manager of Publications, Delhi, India Chudnoff, M.,1984,Tropical Timbers of the World,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products,Laboratory, Madison. Desch, H.E.,1954,Manual of Malayan Timbers (2 vols,Malayan Forest Records,no.15 Foxworthy, F.W., Woolley, H.W.,1930,Durability of Malayan Timbers,Malayan Forest Record,No.8 Fundter, J.M.,1982,Names for Dipterocarp timbers and trees from Asia,Pudoc, Wageningen, Netherlands I. Soerianegara and R.H.M.J. Lemmens (Editors,1993,Plant Resources of South-East Asia 5,(PROSEA, 1,Timber trees: Major commercial timbers,Pudoc Scientific Publishers, Wageningen 1993 Lee, Y.H., et al,1974,Commercial Timbers of Peninsular Malaysia,Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Department of Forestry Peninsular Malaysia and,Malaysian Timber Industry Board Lee, Y.H., Lopez, D.T.,1968,The Machining Properties of some Malayan Timbers,Malayan Forester,3,pp194-210 Smitinand, T., Et al,1980,A Manual of Diplerocarpaceae of Mainland South-East Asia,Forest Department, Thailand Symington, C.F.,1943,Foresters manual of Dipterocarps,Malaysia Forest Record,No.16 Walker, F.S.,1941,Resak Daun Runching (Vatica cuspidata [Ridl] Sym) and Resak Mempening,(Vatica stapfiana [King] V Sl,Malayan Forester 10(4) pp150-4